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评论丨300万医药代表流行着一种“职业病” 治得了吗?

2017-02-13 王健 央视新闻/央视评论员

日前,国务院办公厅公布《关于进一步改革完善药品生产流通使用政策的若干意见》,要求医药代表只能从事学术推广、技术咨询等活动,不得承担药品销售任务,其失信行为记入个人信用记录。此外,意见还提出,推行药品购销“两票制”,即药品从药厂卖到一级经销商开一次发票,经销商卖到医院再开一次发票,以“两票”替代目前常见的多票,减少流通环节的层层盘剥。


政策一出,不少人叫好,认为对医药代表功能的规范会有利于降药价。


统计显示,中国医药代表人群总数大概有300万。《关于进一步改革完善药品生产流通使用政策的若干意见》的出台,意味着,这300万医药代表面临失业或转行。

高药价是至今尚未解决的顽疾,医药代表在其中扮演着什么角色?《意见》的出台,能否真正促进医药代表的转型?

央视评论

《意见》促医药代表回归职业本真

“医药代表”这个职业,在外行眼中往往带着几分神秘色彩。其实,中国以前并无“医药代表”这个职业。1988年,南方一家合资制药公司最先为社会“培养”出了一批医药代表,其他药企竞相效仿,医药代表如雨后春笋般涌现。毫无疑问,“医药代表”的出现是市场化发展的表现,具有其历史意义。医药代表往往对药品的情况了如指掌,可以向医院和医生介绍药品的研发情况、历史背景、市场发展、药理作用、临床效果、同类比较,以及相关的政策法规等。在医护人员无法从海量医药产品中逐一了解情况时,医药代表成为了好帮手。

然而伴随着市场的发展,医药代表的角色发生了极大的变化,“推销员”成为了最重要的代名词。由于医药代表的收入和药品销售成绩挂钩,一些医药代表常常不择手段与一些医生或院方采购人员进行勾兑,沦为“药托”。“回扣”成了人尽皆知的秘密,医药代表也成了药品流通环节中抬高药价的“一环”。而一些医生为了多从医药代表处获得回扣,也往往在给患者开药时倾向性推荐,造成患者为沉重医药费所累,一个小感冒也要买上百元的药品。

这一次国务院办公厅公布《关于进一步改革完善药品生产流通使用政策的若干意见》,要求医药代表只能从事学术推广、技术咨询等活动,不得承担药品销售任务,就是要让医药代表回归职业本真——对药品负责而不对销售负责。更重要的是,这一次《意见》更明确了惩治办法——“失信行为计入个人信用记录”。尽管不排除一些医药代表由于职业惯性或个人操守依然从事暗箱操作,但这些措施对于医药代表还是会产生一些威慑作用,促使更多的医药代表及时收手、及早转型。

更关键是落实“两票制

当然,《意见》的出台并不意味着能够毕其功于一役。高药价背后的本质问题是当下医院以药养医、优质医疗资源仍然稀缺的问题没有得到根本性解决。另外,药品集中招标制度虽然设计的初衷很好,但在执行中仍然存在问题。比如,在一些地方有关招标方案不明确、过程不透明的报道就常见诸于媒体。从这个角度讲,医药代表的存在本身就是医疗体系当下问题的衍生品。

值得注意的是,这一次《意见》还明确提出,将推行药品购销“两票制”,以“两票”替代目前常见的多票,就是要把药品流通环节中多余的“手”砍掉,改变层层转销、层层盘剥的局面,让销售终端的患者得益。高药价背后的一大原因,正是流通环节链条过多、暗箱操作普遍存在等窠臼。可以说,“两票制”和“规范医药代表”是抑制药价虚高,蛇打七寸的关键一招。

因此,与其对300万医药代表的转型拍手称快,还不如真正让“两票制”落到实处,实实在在减少中间环节,让药品价格真正降下来。

另外,300万医药代表的职业转型或走上正轨也需要时间,这些都需要我们在执行层面不懈努力。无论是职业引导还是依法惩治,都需要有制度、有温度、有力度。

曾几何时,医药代表的职业标准中包括了“职业道德”、“专业水准”和“人际能力”三大部分。现如今,“人际能力”的需求无限扩大,其他两者都变得可有可无,这不得不说是一种悲哀。希望《意见》的公布能够祛除“医药代表”这一职业本身的疾患,同时也让虚高的药价能够逐步退烧,还万千百姓以实惠。

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    2017-12-14 fengyqf
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    2017-02-14 大爰

    时代的产物,哈哈哈!

    0

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    2017-02-13 Anima

    职业病

    0

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