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NEJM:奥瑞珠单抗治疗原发性进展型多发性硬化疗效如何?

2016-12-22 xing.T MedSci原创

原发性进展型多发性硬化患者,奥瑞珠单抗治疗组比安慰剂组有较低的临床和MRI进展。确定奥瑞珠单抗长期的安全性和疗效需要进一步的观察。

随着对多发性硬化症免疫学发病机制不断的认识表明,清除B细胞对治疗有帮助。近日,顶级医学期刊NEJM上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员评估了奥瑞珠单抗,一种人源化单克隆抗体,可以选择性耗尽CD20表达的B细胞,在原发性进展型多发性硬化症治疗方面的疗效。

在这项3期试验中,研究者随机分配732例原发性进展型多发性硬化症患者以2:1的比例接受静脉奥瑞珠单抗(600mg)或安慰剂治疗,每24周治疗一次,至少治疗120周,直到确认的无进展事件数量达到预先设定数目。主要研究终点为在时间-事件分析中在12周确认的无进展患者的百分比。

在12周采用奥瑞珠单抗治疗的患者确认的无进展百分比为32.9%,而安慰剂组为39.3%(风险比为0.76;95%可信区间为0.59-0.98;P=0.03)。在24周采用奥瑞珠单抗治疗的患者确认的无进展百分比为29.6%,而安慰剂组为35.7%(风险比为0.75;95%可信区间为0.58-0.98;P=0.04)。到了120周,采用奥瑞珠单抗治疗患者的定时25英尺步行指标恶化了38.9(%),而安慰剂组恶化了55.1%(P=0.04);T2加权磁共振成像(MRI)脑病变的总体积在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组下降了3.4%,而安慰剂组增加了7.4%(P<0.001);在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组脑体积萎缩百分比为0.90%,而安慰剂组为1.09%(P=0.02)。


36项短期健康调查的身体成分总分变化在两组间无显著性差异。相比于安慰剂组,奥瑞珠单抗治疗组的输液相关反应、上呼吸道感染、口腔疱疹感染更频繁。在奥瑞珠单抗治疗组和安慰剂组的患者发生肿瘤的比例分别为2.3%和0.8%;在严重不良事件和严重感染率两组间比较在临床上无显著差异。

由此可见,原发性进展型多发性硬化患者,奥瑞珠单抗治疗组比安慰剂组有较低的临床和MRI进展。确定奥瑞珠单抗长期的安全性和疗效需要进一步的观察。

原始出处:

Xavier Montalban,et al. Ocrelizumab versus Placebo in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. N Engl J Med.December 21, 2016.

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