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BMJ:增加omega-3或减少 omega-6脂肪酸摄入,可以缓解偏头痛

2021-07-04 DY MedSci原创

降低饮食中的亚油酸会带来额外的好处。

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偏头痛是世界上最大的致残原因之一。现有的治疗方法通常不足以为患者带来完全的临床缓解。但近日发表在《英国医学杂志》(BMJ)上的一项新研究表明,改变饮食习惯或可缓解偏头痛。

doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1448

在现代饮食中,许多加工食品,如薯片、饼干中都添加了玉米、大豆和棉籽油等,严重影响人体多不饱和脂肪酸 omega-6 (n-6) 和 omega-3 (n-3)水平。两者在我们体内都具有重要的功能,但需要保持平衡,因为n-3已被证明可以减少炎症,而n-6的一些衍生物已被证明可以促进疼痛。然而,由于人们摄入加工食品数量的增多,很多人摄入的n-6脂肪酸明显增多,而n-3脂肪酸的摄入量却很少。

为了解一个人的饮食中这些脂肪酸的含量是否会引发头痛,来自联合国大学(UNC)医学院的研究人员对182名偏头痛患者进行了随机对照试验。除了进行标准治疗外,患者还在16周内分组坚持摄入三种饮食:第一组为对照组,患者维持美国人均n-6和n-3脂肪酸摄入量(将EPA+DHA维持在<1.5克/天,亚油酸维持在7%左右);第二组在第一组基础上增加n-3脂肪酸(将EPA+DHA增加到1.5克/天,将亚油酸维持在能量的7%左右);第三组和第一组相比,增加n-3脂肪酸并减少n-6脂肪酸摄入(将EPA+DHA增加到1.5克/天,将亚油酸减少到≤1.8%)。所有参与者接受占每日食物能量三分之二的食物,并继续接受常规护理。

结果显示,与对照组相比,遵循另外两种饮食习惯增加了患者17-HDHA(log ng/mL)水平,患者经历的偏头痛次数更少,尤其是那些遵循高n-3和低n-6脂肪酸饮食的人,头痛得到了最大改善。但没有显著改善患者生活质量。

第16周的主要和次要终点(意向性治疗分析)

这表明降低饮食中的亚油酸会带来额外的好处。H3-L6(第三组)和H3(第二组)饮食改变了n-3和n-6脂肪酸以及它们在血浆、血清、红细胞或免疫细胞中的几种痛觉氧化脂衍生物。但没有改变经典的头痛介质降钙素基因相关肽和前列腺素E2。

将膳食 n-6 和 n-3 脂肪酸及其氧脂衍生物与头痛发病机制联系起来的拟议机制

研究作者之一、北卡罗来纳大学医学院精神病学系助理教授Daisy Zamora博士说:“我认为这种饮食上的改变可能对偏头痛的治疗有影响。”研究观察到的减少头痛的效果与一些药物治疗效果相似。

但需要注意的是,这项研究采用的n-3脂肪酸来自鱼类,而不是来自膳食补充剂,因此研究结果并不适用于补充剂。

另外,关于脂肪酸影响疼痛的生化假说可能适用于各种慢性疼痛,未来需要进行更多新的研究,以测试饮食对其他疼痛综合征的干预效果。

原始出处:

Dietary alteration of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for headache reduction in adults with migraine: randomized controlled trial.BMJ 2021; 374 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1448

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    2021-07-29 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-07-05 nerdzhaozhao

    希望可以尽快临床转化

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2007546, encodeId=15ef200e5469d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=33141333248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-6脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13332, encryptionId=33141333248, topicName=Omega-6脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ea6321, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sat Apr 30 12:15:20 CST 2022, time=2022-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849283, encodeId=f4d61849283a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Jul 29 19:15:20 CST 2021, time=2021-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1201272, encodeId=980812012e2e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2766133286b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-3脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13328, encryptionId=2766133286b, topicName=Omega-3脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:39:37 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996430, encodeId=9ac799643009, content=希望可以尽快临床转化, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a1ae1606855, createdName=nerdzhaozhao, createdTime=Mon Jul 05 14:59:06 CST 2021, time=2021-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996233, encodeId=90b0996233df, content=题好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bf65438210, createdName=ms3000000859178651, createdTime=Sun Jul 04 22:27:05 CST 2021, time=2021-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996226, encodeId=95399962261e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8ae31332e62' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-3#</a>具有保护作用,抗炎作用。但是 omega-6<a href='/topic/show?id=04fb8439896' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪酸#</a>,作用是相反的,对人体可能有害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13327, encryptionId=8ae31332e62, topicName=Omega-3), TopicDto(id=84398, encryptionId=04fb8439896, topicName=脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Sun Jul 04 22:23:51 CST 2021, time=2021-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-04 ms3000000859178651

    题好的

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2007546, encodeId=15ef200e5469d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=33141333248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-6脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13332, encryptionId=33141333248, topicName=Omega-6脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ea6321, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sat Apr 30 12:15:20 CST 2022, time=2022-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849283, encodeId=f4d61849283a4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Jul 29 19:15:20 CST 2021, time=2021-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1201272, encodeId=980812012e2e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2766133286b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-3脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13328, encryptionId=2766133286b, topicName=Omega-3脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 13:39:37 CST 2022, time=2022-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996430, encodeId=9ac799643009, content=希望可以尽快临床转化, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a1ae1606855, createdName=nerdzhaozhao, createdTime=Mon Jul 05 14:59:06 CST 2021, time=2021-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996233, encodeId=90b0996233df, content=题好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bf65438210, createdName=ms3000000859178651, createdTime=Sun Jul 04 22:27:05 CST 2021, time=2021-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=996226, encodeId=95399962261e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8ae31332e62' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Omega-3#</a>具有保护作用,抗炎作用。但是 omega-6<a href='/topic/show?id=04fb8439896' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪酸#</a>,作用是相反的,对人体可能有害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13327, encryptionId=8ae31332e62, topicName=Omega-3), TopicDto(id=84398, encryptionId=04fb8439896, topicName=脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Sun Jul 04 22:23:51 CST 2021, time=2021-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-04 小小医者

    #Omega-3#具有保护作用,抗炎作用。但是 omega-6#脂肪酸#,作用是相反的,对人体可能有害!

    0

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