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Nat Neurosci：科学家们找到记忆储存的新机制

2016-10-08 佚名 生物谷

记忆储存
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（图片摘自www.sciencealert.com）每当工作繁忙的时候，我们都感觉自己的大脑在不断地排出旧的信息，以期能够容纳新的信息进来。然而，我们的记忆系统十分先进，它能够在不损坏已有记忆的同时高效地吸收新的记忆进来。 研究者们最近开发出一个能够解释这一贯穿我们日常生活的现象背后的机制的模型。 来自哥伦比亚大学的研究者们利用数学模型解释了不同的分子簇是如何串联在一起形成巨大的记忆储


（图片摘自www.sciencealert.com）

每当工作繁忙的时候，我们都感觉自己的大脑在不断地排出旧的信息，以期能够容纳新的信息进来。然而，我们的记忆系统十分先进，它能够在不损坏已有记忆的同时高效地吸收新的记忆进来。

研究者们最近开发出一个能够解释这一贯穿我们日常生活的现象背后的机制的模型。

来自哥伦比亚大学的研究者们利用数学模型解释了不同的分子簇是如何串联在一起形成巨大的记忆储存系统的。

他们认为，神经元之间的突触连接强度的变化，反映了新的信号进入使大脑储存记忆的方式。

可以将其形象地描述为一系列的表，它们的开启或关闭指示这神经元突触之间的连接强度。

但表盘只能够有开启或关闭两种形式，这就意味着其还存在局限性，不足以解释大脑储存信息的方式。

2005年，有人曾经提出过关于记忆储存机制的另外一个模型，即一个神经元突触连接包含多个表盘零件，但这一模型还是不足以解释大脑巨大的储存能力。

如今，Fusi等人认为这些表盘的开启与关闭除了存在时间上的不连续性之外，还存在彼此之间的联系。

 “一旦我们将这一交流的因素纳入整个模型中，其能够储存的记忆量会有巨大的提升，因而能够更好地代表大脑的运作模式”。

换个角度想，我们可以认为这一系统是一系列由管子连接的烧杯，当液体从每一个烧杯中进入或流出时，管子能够衡量储存在烧杯中的液体的体积。因而在新的记忆形成的时候旧的记忆也能够得到保存。

由于大脑中存在大约860亿根神经元，因此其能够储存的信息容量几乎是无限的。尽管人的大脑与计算机之间并没有可比性，但研究者们认为这一新的模型能够帮助设计下一代计算机：即类似于生物脑的计算机。

相关结果发表在《Nature Neuroscience》杂志上。（生物谷Bioon.com）

原始出处

Scientists have figured out how the brain makes new memories while keeping old ones

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    2016-10-22 liye789132251

    #Nat#

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881362, encodeId=f8651881362bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 13:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145591, encodeId=8a31145591f4, content=继续关注！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:55:06 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145590, encodeId=04221455902c, content=谢谢分享！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:54:58 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364130, encodeId=652d1364130ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 11:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=142813, encodeId=e606142813e6, content=人工智能可以进一步发展了！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sun Oct 09 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 知难而进

    继续关注！

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881362, encodeId=f8651881362bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 13:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145591, encodeId=8a31145591f4, content=继续关注！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:55:06 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145590, encodeId=04221455902c, content=谢谢分享！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:54:58 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364130, encodeId=652d1364130ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 11:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=142813, encodeId=e606142813e6, content=人工智能可以进一步发展了！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sun Oct 09 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 知难而进

    谢谢分享！

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881362, encodeId=f8651881362bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 13:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145591, encodeId=8a31145591f4, content=继续关注！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:55:06 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145590, encodeId=04221455902c, content=谢谢分享！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:54:58 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364130, encodeId=652d1364130ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 11:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=142813, encodeId=e606142813e6, content=人工智能可以进一步发展了！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sun Oct 09 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-10 lsndxfj

    #ROS#

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881362, encodeId=f8651881362bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 13:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145591, encodeId=8a31145591f4, content=继续关注！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:55:06 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145590, encodeId=04221455902c, content=谢谢分享！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:54:58 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364130, encodeId=652d1364130ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Mon Oct 10 11:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=142813, encodeId=e606142813e6, content=人工智能可以进一步发展了！, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=445f1740270, createdName=meiliwuxian, createdTime=Sun Oct 09 19:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-09 meiliwuxian

    人工智能可以进一步发展了！

    0

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