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CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利成为HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者的新选择

2019-07-11 杨清默教授 欧阳忠教授 肿瘤资讯

目前乳腺癌已经成为女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,而激素受体阳性乳腺癌占乳腺癌大部分,“乳”此美好的生活,不能因乳腺癌戛然而止。CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利(Palbociclib,爱博新)的出现,成为了激素受体阳性乳腺癌内分泌治疗的新选择。本文分享一例绝经前HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者一线治疗选择CDK4/6抑制剂内分泌治疗,联合卵巢功能抑制(ovarian function suppression

目前乳腺癌已经成为女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,而激素受体阳性乳腺癌占乳腺癌大部分,“乳”此美好的生活,不能因乳腺癌戛然而止。CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利(Palbociclib,爱博新)的出现,成为了激素受体阳性乳腺癌内分泌治疗的新选择。本文分享一例绝经前HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者一线治疗选择CDK4/6抑制剂内分泌治疗,联合卵巢功能抑制(ovarian function suppression, OFS),最终获得生存获益的病例。治疗过程中,患者不良反应可控,未出现停药或减量等现象。

杨清默,北京大学临床医学博士、副主任医师,厦门大学附属第一医院乳腺外科副主任,海峡两岸医药卫生交流协会肿瘤防治专家委员会乳腺肿瘤专业学组委员,福建省海峡医药卫生交流协会临床肿瘤学诊疗分会委员,中国整形协会科技创新与整复分会委员,中国医疗保健国际交流促进会肿瘤整形外科与功能性外科分会肿瘤整形外科健康教育与康复学组组员,福建省医学会整形与美容学分会第四届委员会青年委员会委员。

基本病史

患者女性,33岁,平素月经规律。2018年10月主因“发现左侧乳腺肿块2年余伴腰背部疼痛半年”来诊。否认慢性病和家族病史。

患者入院后查体:左乳头内陷,左乳中央区可触及一肿块,范围约8cm×5cm,质硬,边界不清,不易活动,无压痛。左腋下可触及肿大淋巴结,最大直径约3.5cm。右乳及右腋窝未触及肿物,双侧锁骨上下未触及肿大淋巴结。辅助检查:①胸部CT示:左乳占位,考虑恶性可能性大。左腋窝多发淋巴结肿大,考虑多发转移。②腹部超声:肝左叶低回声肿块,大小约6.0×3.1cm,肝右叶中等回声结节,以上均建议进一步明确。胆、胰、脾、双肾、子宫和双附件未见明显异常。③PET-CT示:影像所见左上肺见三枚稍高代谢小结节影,较大约0.4cm。左乳外上象限团块状软组织影,大小约5.0cm×3.1cm。左腋窝多发肿大高代谢淋巴结。肝内多发局灶性高代谢影。颅底、脊柱多椎体、左侧第1、5前肋、左肩胛骨、骨盆诸骨及双侧股骨多发骨质密度不均,部分骨质破坏,代谢升高。初步诊断为左乳腺癌累及皮肤伴左侧腋窝多发淋巴结转移,左上肺结节、肝内及全身多发骨转移,右侧腰方肌旁转移。④心电图、心脏彩超、颅脑MRI和ECT未见明显异常。

排除明显禁忌,患者于2018年10月行超声引导下左乳肿块及左腋下淋巴结粗针穿刺活检,过程顺利,病理示:浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma,IDC ),左腋下淋巴结符合转移。免疫组化示:ER (强,+60%)、PR (中等,+40%)、HER2 (2+)、Ki-67 (+,25%)。进一步FISH验证HER2无扩增。结合患者病史和穿刺病理结果,明确诊断为:左乳腺浸润性导管癌(Ⅳ期,Luminal B型)伴左腋窝淋巴结转移、肝转移癌、全身多发骨转移癌、肺部结节,分子分型:HR阳性HER2阴性型。


结合患者身体状况、个人治疗意愿和分子分型,一线选择内分泌治疗,方案为CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利联合芳香化酶抑制剂来曲唑+OFS,同时给予唑来膦酸治疗骨转移。

2周期治疗后复查,超声示:左乳多发低回声结节(BI-RADS 6类)伴左侧腋窝淋巴结肿大,肝内左叶结节较2018年10月17日检查缩小至1.9cm×1.6cm,余未见明显异常,主诉腰背部疼痛明显减轻,综合疗效评价为部分缓解(partial response,PR)。4、6周期治疗后综合疗效评价维持PR。患者目前仍采用原方案治疗中,定期复查,未见明显转移或复发征象。


治疗过程中,患者无腹泻,无疲乏,无发热等症状出现,定期血象检测,中性粒细胞的下降可在未服药的一周中自行恢复,无需干预,治疗期间未因为不良反应停药或减量。


专家点评

欧阳忠,厦门大学附属第一医院乳腺外科主任、主任医师,厦门大学教授、博士、硕士生导师,海峡两岸医药卫生交流协会乳腺肿瘤学组主任委员,中华医学会医学美学与美容分会乳房美学与美容学组委员,中国医药教育协会乳腺疾病专业委员会委员,中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会委员,临床肿瘤协作委员会委员。
该患者为年轻女性,月经规律。既往诊断为:左乳腺浸润性导管癌(Ⅳ期,Luminal B型)伴左腋窝淋巴结转移、肝转移癌、全身多发骨转移癌,分子分型:HR+/HER2-型。作为首诊IV期的HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者,其一线治疗方案需要综合考虑患者的月经状态、肿瘤转移情况、病理分型等多方面因素,为患者提供最优方案。

1. HR+/HER2-晚期一线内分泌治疗方案的选择

既往PALOMA-1研究[1]结果表明哌柏西利+来曲唑相比来曲唑单药,显着提高了PFS。其后Ⅲ期PALOMA-2研究[2]结果证实了上述结论,哌柏西利+来曲唑对比安慰剂+来曲唑,PFS 分别为27.6个月和14.5个月(HR 0.563,95%CI 0.461~0.687,P<0.0001),其中约31.5%的患者为初治IV期。内脏转移亚组分析显示,两组患者PFS分别为19.3个月和12.3个月(HR 0.62,95%CI 0.47~0.81,P<0.0005)。既往未使用过内分泌治疗且伴有内脏转移的亚组中,两组中位PFS分别为23.7个月和13.9个月(HR 0.55,95%CI 0.36~0.85,P<0.0005)。

该患者为初诊左乳腺浸润性导管癌伴左腋窝淋巴结转移、肝转移癌、全身多发骨转移,且为年轻的绝经前患者。综合分析患者年龄、身体状况和病理结果,若按照以往的临床经验,对于年轻且多发转移的HR+/HER2-乳腺癌患者(无内脏危象),虽然指南也会推荐内分泌治疗,但在CDK4/6抑制剂上市之前,没有更好的内分泌治疗方案可供选择,临床会优先考虑化疗。但PALOMA-2研究的结果显示哌柏西利联合来曲唑能给该类患者带来获益,同时2019年ASCO报道了第一项CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利联合内分泌治疗与单药化疗(卡培他滨)头对头对比的Young-PEARL研究,入组绝经前HR阳性晚期乳腺癌患者,研究结果显示,哌柏西利组在疗效和安全性方面都优于单药化疗组,两组中位PFS分别为20.1个月和14.4个月(HR 0.659,95%CI 0.437~0.994,P=0.0469)。提示对于该类患者选择哌柏西利联合内分泌治疗能获得理想的疗效。

2.哌柏西利联合方案让患者症状快速缓解

该患者晚期一线治疗选择哌柏西利+来曲唑+OFS,2周期时进行综合疗效评价,肝脏病灶从6.0cm到1.9cm,且主诉腰背疼痛明显改善,症状明显缓解。PALOMA-2研究显示,对于接受一线哌柏西利+来曲唑治疗的HR+/HER2-转移性乳腺癌患者,非内脏疾病和内脏疾病患者的首次肿瘤缓解时间分别为2.9个月和4.3个月。该患者仅用药两周期即明显缓解,获益明显。

3.哌柏西利不良反应全程管理

对于PALOMA系列研究的安全性合并分析[3]发现主要出现的不良反应依次是中性粒细胞减少、感染、白细胞减少、疲乏、贫血、恶心等。中性粒细胞减少症是剂量调整的主要原因,且主要发生于前6个月,其后发生率逐渐下降,无剂量累积效应。目前研究认为,哌柏西利所引起的中性粒细胞减少是使细胞周期停滞,但增殖的中性粒细胞前体会予以保留[4]。目前看来,血液学毒性可以通过剂量调整有效的管理,无需预防性使用集落刺激因子治疗。

2018年7月,CDK4/6抑制剂哌柏西利经中国国家药品监督管理总局(NMPA)批准在中国上市。由于哌柏西利为口服制剂,只需要定期进行血常规监测,无明显其他不良反应,患者生活质量较高,对于HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者的身体和心理均为很好的保障和安慰,改变了HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌的治疗格局,给HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者带来新的希望。未来,随着医保政策的调整与支持,哌柏西利若能够纳入医保范围,将极大地缓解患者的经济压力,给更多HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者带来生存获益。

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    2020-04-19 jklm09
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    2020-01-29 soongzhihua
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    2020-04-23 luwei00
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1852050, encodeId=d27518520500d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Sun Apr 19 19:06:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703094, encodeId=c7081e030946a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=98b24402bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CDK4#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4402, encryptionId=98b24402bb, topicName=CDK4)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=166330479856, createdName=soongzhihua, createdTime=Wed Jan 29 14:06:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1982518, encodeId=599519825186b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da628e19d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HER2-#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8719, encryptionId=da628e19d5, topicName=HER2-)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e093393, createdName=luwei00, createdTime=Thu Apr 23 21:06:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1435525, encodeId=f1a11435525b2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=09dc439915' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CDK#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4399, encryptionId=09dc439915, topicName=CDK)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Sat Jul 13 06:06:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1490697, encodeId=177c149069ee4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2765440372' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CDK4/6#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4403, encryptionId=2765440372, topicName=CDK4/6)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c7068807080, createdName=zhangj7111, createdTime=Sat Jul 13 06:06:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1571169, encodeId=7c5115e11690f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f42823e48d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乳腺癌患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23748, encryptionId=f42823e48d7, topicName=乳腺癌患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=37bc15724202, createdName=hanhaisha2013, createdTime=Sat Jul 13 06:06:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-13 zhouqu_8
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    2019-07-13 zhangj7111
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