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NEJM:n-3脂肪酸和心肌梗死后心血管事件

2010-12-29 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

  背景 前瞻性队列研究和随机对照临床试验结果已经提供了n-3脂肪酸有抗心血管疾病保护作用的证据。我们检验了海洋n-3脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)以及植物源α-亚麻酸(ALA)对曾有心肌梗死病人的心血管事件发生率的影响。   方法 在一项多中心双盲安慰剂对照临床试验中,我们随机指定4837例年龄60~80岁(78%为男性)、曾有心肌梗死并正接受最新抗高血压、抗血栓和调

  背景 前瞻性队列研究和随机对照临床试验结果已经提供了n-3脂肪酸有抗心血管疾病保护作用的证据。我们检验了海洋n-3脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)以及植物源α-亚麻酸(ALA)对曾有心肌梗死病人的心血管事件发生率的影响。

  方法 在一项多中心双盲安慰剂对照临床试验中,我们随机指定4837例年龄60~80岁(78%为男性)、曾有心肌梗死并正接受最新抗高血压、抗血栓和调脂治疗的病人接受4种人造黄油试验性治疗中的1种治疗40个月:补充EPA和DHA合剂的人造黄油(EPA-DHA目标日增摄入量400 mg)、补充ALA的人造黄油(ALA目标日增摄入量2 g)、补充EPA-DHA和ALA的人造黄油或人造黄油安慰剂。主要终点为重要心血管事件发生率,包括致死性和非致死性心血管事件及心脏介入治疗。按意向治疗原则,用考克斯比例风险模型分析数据。

  结果 活性治疗组的病人平均每天消耗18.8 g人造黄油,这导致增加摄入226 mg EPA及150 mg DHA和(或)1.9 g ALA。在随访期间,671例(13.9%)病人发生了重要心血管事件。无论EPA-DHA还是ALA都不能降低该主要终点(EPA-DHA风险比 1.01,95% CI 0.87~1.17,P=0.93;ALA风险比0.91,95% CI 0.78~1.05,P=0.20]。在预设的女性亚组中,与安慰剂和单纯EPA-DHA相比,ALA与重要心血管事件发生率下降相关并接近了显著性(风险比0.73,95% CI 0.51~1.03,P=0.07)。各研究组之间不良事件发生率无显著差异。

  结论 在曾有心肌梗死并正在接受最新抗高血压、抗血栓和调脂治疗的病人中,小剂量补充EPA-DHA或ALA不能显著降低重要心血管事件发生率。

  (N Engl J Med 2010;363:2015-26. November 18,2010)

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