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Nat Commun:临近产期使用低剂量青霉素对行为具有持久的影响

2017-04-29 MedSci MedSci原创

依靠小鼠模型,Leclercq及其同事的研究提供了使用抗生素对于行为改变的证据:临近产期使用低剂量青霉素对肠道微生物群和行为具有持久的影响。作者还提出,将抗生素治疗与补充有益细菌联合可以足以抵消青霉素的有害影响。

抗生素的发现是医学史上最重要的成就之一。不需要在这里重申抗生素的使用拯救了无数死亡。但是,滥用抗菌药物也带来不幸的后果。过早的接触抗生素与多种疾病的风险增加相关,包括社交能力缺点。同样,新出现的文献表明肠道微生物群体的破坏与精神卫生问题之间存在联系。最近的Nature communication杂志中,Leclercq及其同事探讨了新生鼠早期接触低剂量的青霉素对小鼠肠道微生物群和行为的影响。

作者在分娩前一周开始对怀孕的母鼠使用青霉素,直至断奶。由于在胎儿血液循环和母乳中发现有青霉素,所以幼崽在产前和后期有效地暴露于抗生素。如预期的那样,接触青霉素导致母鼠及其后代的肠道微生物组成发生变化。例如,抗生素治疗的动物呈现增加的Proteobacteria,一种革兰氏阴性细菌,可以在宿主中激活免疫反应。重要的是,肠道微生物紊乱不止发生在使用青霉素期间,在抗生素给药终止后仍会持续数周。

为了了解是否接触青霉素和相关的肠道微生物紊乱可能会导致对认知功能的长期缺陷,作者观察了服用抗生素的小鼠的行为变化。在临近产期时接触低剂量抗生素的小鼠较不焦虑,担更具侵略性,较不容易参与社会互动。行为改变伴随着与行为冲动和血脑屏障完整性相关的基因表达的变化,但没有发现全身炎症的迹象。最重要的是,在停止抗生素的数周后,仍然在使用过抗生素的小鼠中观察到上述改变。然而,作者还表明,在治疗期间补充鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)改善肠道微生物组并且防止行为改变。

总之,依靠小鼠模型,Leclercq及其同事的研究提供了使用抗生素对于行为改变的证据:临近产期使用低剂量青霉素对肠道微生物群和行为具有持久的影响。作者还提出,将抗生素治疗与补充有益细菌联合可以足以抵消青霉素的有害影响。

原始出处:
S. Leclercq, F. M. Mian, A. M. Stanisz, L. B. Bindels, E. Cambier, H. Ben-Amram, O. Koren, P. Forsythe, J. Bienenstock, Low-dose penicillin in early life induces long-term changes in murine gut microbiota, brain cytokines and behavior. Nat. Commun. 8, 15062 (2017)

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    2017-06-03 liuli5079
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    2017-12-04 liye789132251
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    2017-05-04 1e1ee9f0m67(暂无匿称)

    这个研究很有意义

    0

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    2017-05-03 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,拜读了

    0

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    2017-05-01 天时地利

    不错

    0

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    2017-05-01 sunyl09
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    2017-04-30 微笑人参

    应该好好改善,应用抗生素的习惯了!

    0

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