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Lancet Haematol:三氧化二砷可改善急性早幼粒细胞白血病结果

2015-08-21 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

急性早幼粒细胞白血病的初始治疗传统上涉及维A酸(全反式维甲酸)联合蒽环类药物为基础的风险适应化疗,三氧化二砷作为在复发时的治疗方法。为了降低复发率,研究人员结合三氧化二砷与维甲酸和伊达比星进行诱导治疗,然后使用三氧化二砷与维甲酸进行巩固治疗。以前未经基因确诊的急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者的符合该研究的标准。符合条件包括东部肿瘤协作组性能状态0-3,年龄>1岁,正常的左心室射血分数,Q-Tc间隔<500

初始治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病时常涉及维A酸(全反式维甲酸)联合蒽环类药物为基础的风险适应化疗,而三氧化二砷常用于复发时的治疗。为了降低复发率,研究人员将三氧化二砷结合维甲酸和伊达比星进行诱导治疗,然后使用三氧化二砷与维甲酸进行巩固治疗。

以前未经基因确诊的急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者的符合该研究的标准。符合条件包括东部肿瘤协作组性能状态0-3,年龄>1岁,正常的左心室射血分数,Q-Tc间隔<500毫秒,无严重合并症,并签署知情同意书。遗传变异的急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者(除了PML与RARA的基因融合)不合格。诱导过程包括在1-36天时每天口服四个分开分剂量的452mg/m2维生素A酸,在第2,4,6,和8天时静脉注射6-12mg/m2的伊达比星,对年龄进行了调整,在9-36天时静脉注射三氧化二砷0.15mg/kg,每天一次。支持疗法包括协议指定达到止血目标的血液制品,每天1mg/kg的泼尼松用于预防分化综合征。两个联合周期的维甲酸和三氧化二砷,随后口服2年的维甲酸,6-巯基嘌呤,和甲氨蝶呤进行维持治疗。该研究的主要终点是无复发和过早死亡事件(开始治疗的36天内),研究人员用2年的中期结果评估了改善情况。为了评估缓解的耐久性,研究人员比较了APML4研究中5年的整体生存率和无疾病情况和主要终点与2年APML4研究的中期数据,以及APML3研究治疗协议不使用三氧化二砷的情况。

在2004年11月10日和2009年9月23日之间共有124例患者参加此研究,数据截止到2012年3月15日。4(3%)例患者早期死亡。在平均随访4.2年后(IQR,3.2-5.2),5年无复发概率是95%(95%Cl 89-98),无病生存率为95%(89-98),无事件生存率为90%(83-94),总生存率为94%(89-97)。与APML3数据比较表明,无复发风险比分别为0.23(95%Cl 0.08-0.64,P =0.002),无病生存率HR为0.21(0.07-0.59,P=0.001),无事件生存率HR为0.34(0.16-0.69,p=0.002),总生存率HR为0.35(0.14-0.91,p=0.02)的总生存期。

与历史对照相比,对于急性早幼粒细胞白血病,加入三氧化二砷在初始治疗诱导和联合治疗时可以降低复发的风险。这种改善,与过早死亡非显著减少和不存在缓解死亡一起,转化为无事件和总生存率的改善。

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    2016-07-27 howi
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    2015-10-06 changfy
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    2015-08-23 fengyi812
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    2015-08-23 lishizhe

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