Baidu
map

PEDIATRICS:是时候该对可待因说“不”了!

2016-09-21 MedSci MedSci原创

美国小儿科学会强烈要求家长和医疗服务提供者停止给孩子服用可待因,并呼吁人们去认识其风险,限制其在18岁以下患者中使用。一项新的AAP临床报告将在2016年10月份发表在Pediatrics杂志上,题为“可待因:是时候该说‘不’了”。尽管越来越多的证据表明,该药物会危及生命或致命的呼吸反应,但还有许多城市在继续使用该药物治疗儿童疾病。几十年来,一种用于止痛药处方和非处方咳嗽制剂的阿片类药物,可待因可

美国小儿科学会强烈要求家长和医疗服务提供者停止给孩子服用可待因,并呼吁人们去认识其风险,限制其在18岁以下患者中使用。一项新的AAP临床报告将在2016年10月份发表在Pediatrics杂志上,题为“可待因:是时候该说‘不’了”。尽管越来越多的证据表明,该药物会危及生命或致命的呼吸反应,但还有许多城市在继续使用该药物治疗儿童疾病。

几十年来,一种用于止痛药处方和非处方咳嗽制剂的阿片类药物,可待因可由肝脏转化为吗啡。由于个体的体内分解药物的遗传变异性,它为某些病人提供了不充分的缓解,同时也对其他人有太强的影响。某些人,特别是儿童和那些有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的儿童,属于“超快速代谢”群体,服用标准剂量的可待因后可能出现严重呼吸减慢症状,甚至死亡。

尽管这些证据充分表明了可待因的风险,美国FDA和WHO仍然表示很担忧,这种药物仍然在28个州和哥伦比亚特区作为非处方咳嗽制剂被使用。此外,根据本AAP报告,可待因仍然被用于治疗经历外科手术的儿童,例如扁桃体和腺样体切除术。在2007年和2011年之间,超过80万的11岁以下患者服用可待因。耳鼻喉科医生经常开具可待因/对乙酰氨基酚液体制剂(19.6%),其次是牙医(13.3%),儿科医生(12.7%)和普通医生/家庭医生(10.1%)。

新的临床报告描述了其潜在替代品,以缓解孩子的疼痛,但必须承认的是,可用于儿科的相对安全和有效的药物比较少。

“对儿童有效的疼痛管理仍然是具有挑战性的,”该报告的主要作者,医学博士Joseph D. Tobias说。“因为儿童的身体治疗药物与成年人的不同。”

该AAP报告显示,专家于9月19日在线呼吁父母和医疗服务提供者去认识使用可待因的风险,并且在儿童中限制其使用,以及对儿童止痛治疗的安全和效果进行进一步研究。

原始出处:

J. D. Tobias, T. P. Green, C. J. Cote. Codeine: Time To Say "No". PEDIATRICS,2016.9.21

本文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726199, encodeId=647b1e261996d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958498, encodeId=3777195849816, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 20:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637482, encodeId=b5c1163e48252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 08:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133980, encodeId=7e8e13398097, content=谢谢分享哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 23:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407208, encodeId=f352140e2082d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1bdc3845181' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可待因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38451, encryptionId=1bdc3845181, topicName=可待因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20462610492, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 04:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-10 docwu2019
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726199, encodeId=647b1e261996d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958498, encodeId=3777195849816, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 20:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637482, encodeId=b5c1163e48252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 08:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133980, encodeId=7e8e13398097, content=谢谢分享哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 23:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407208, encodeId=f352140e2082d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1bdc3845181' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可待因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38451, encryptionId=1bdc3845181, topicName=可待因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20462610492, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 04:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-07 hbwxf
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726199, encodeId=647b1e261996d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958498, encodeId=3777195849816, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 20:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637482, encodeId=b5c1163e48252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 08:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133980, encodeId=7e8e13398097, content=谢谢分享哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 23:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407208, encodeId=f352140e2082d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1bdc3845181' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可待因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38451, encryptionId=1bdc3845181, topicName=可待因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20462610492, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 04:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726199, encodeId=647b1e261996d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958498, encodeId=3777195849816, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 20:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637482, encodeId=b5c1163e48252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 08:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133980, encodeId=7e8e13398097, content=谢谢分享哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 23:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407208, encodeId=f352140e2082d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1bdc3845181' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可待因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38451, encryptionId=1bdc3845181, topicName=可待因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20462610492, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 04:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-23 187清风

    谢谢分享哦

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726199, encodeId=647b1e261996d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958498, encodeId=3777195849816, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 20:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1637482, encodeId=b5c1163e48252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 08:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=133980, encodeId=7e8e13398097, content=谢谢分享哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 23:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407208, encodeId=f352140e2082d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1bdc3845181' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可待因#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=38451, encryptionId=1bdc3845181, topicName=可待因)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20462610492, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Fri Sep 23 04:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Science争议性研究:制造吗啡的关键工具

发表在最新一期《科学》(Science)杂志上的一项研究揭示出了人们长期探索的一个基因,它似乎是合成吗啡类生物碱,包括止痛药吗啡和可待因的一个关键的关卡步骤。这一重要的研究发现可以让药物化学家们更容易地调整基因来生成副作用及成瘾性较小的新药物。但同时人们也担心这项研究工作将使得毒贩子像酿酒师酿造自己的啤酒一样,很快就能够轻易地制造出海洛因。这一称作为STORR的基因只存在于产生吗啡喃类的罂粟物种中

FDA重新审查可待因治疗18岁以下儿童咳嗽的安全性

由于可待因可能会引发呼吸减缓和呼吸困难等严重不良事件,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)正在调查使用含可待因药物治疗18岁以下儿童咳嗽和感冒的安全性。FDA在7月1日的安全通讯上表示,儿童,尤其是存在呼吸问题的,可能更容易出现这些严重的不良事件。FDA曾对2岁以下儿童非处方咳嗽和感冒用药的使用发出过警告。“我们正在评估所有可用的信息,并将召开咨询委员会与外部专家讨论这些安全问题。当我们的审查完成时,我

类鸦片止疼药物堪比80年代艾滋泛滥,我们拿什么拯救疼痛?

根据美国国家滥用药物研究所的数据,有8%的慢性疼痛患者在服用了镇定剂类的止疼药之后对药物上瘾。这正是为什么,在过去患者想要获取如可待因(codeine)等类鸦片止疼药缓解疼痛相对困难。 然而,这一情况在上世纪90年代发生了转变。新型类鸦片类药物(Opioid),如奥施康定的到来满足了众多疼痛症医生以及患者最急迫需求。他们的观点是,许多患有慢性疼痛的美国人(据估计大约有1亿)正受着不必

欧洲限制可待因用于儿童疼痛

  欧洲药品管理局(EMA)药物警戒风险评估委员会(PRAC)已建议制定一系列措施,解决有关含可待因的药物在儿童疼痛管理中的安全问题。此前,PRAC评估了儿童使用可待因缓解疼痛后发生严重不良反应或死亡的报道,这些病例大多数发生在因阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(睡眠中呼吸频繁中断)接受扁桃体切除术或腺样体切除术后的儿童中。可待因是一种阿片类药物,获批作为成人和儿童的止痛药,它在患者体内可转

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map