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JCO:预测非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗效果 检测EGFR突变丰度很重要

2013-11-26 MedSci MedSci原创

由广东省人民医院肿瘤中心吴一龙教授领衔的研究团队发现,检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变丰度,可预测表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。相关研究论文7月25日在线发表于《临床肿瘤学杂志》(J Clin Oncol)。   研究者利用两种敏感度不同的检测方法——直接DNA测序法和突变特异性扩增技术对100例非小细胞肺

由广东省人民医院肿瘤中心吴一龙教授领衔的研究团队发现,检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变丰度,可预测表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。相关研究论文7月25日在线发表于《临床肿瘤学杂志》(J Clin Oncol)。

  研究者利用两种敏感度不同的检测方法——直接DNA测序法和突变特异性扩增技术对100例非小细胞肺癌患者进行EGFR突变检 测。结果显示,EGFR突变量大的病人(51例),疗效较好(中位生存期为11.3个月),EGFR突变量小的病人(18例)疗效一般(中位生存期为 6.9个月),两组差异非常明显。EGFR突变丰度高和低的病人,靶向药物治疗的效果均好于无突变者(31例,中位生存期为2.1个月)。

  研究者称,目前,对肺癌病人,一般先检测有没有EGFR突变,如果有突变,就建议用靶向药物治疗。今后要对有EGFR突变的病人进一步分类,根据突变量的大小,决定是否用靶向药物,制定个性化治疗方案。

  ■研究者说

  主要研究者之一、广东省人民医院肿瘤中心肺三科主任周清教授在接受记者采访时说,此前医学界认为,符合女性、不吸烟、腺癌这3个因素的肺癌病人,使用 吉非替尼或厄洛替尼这两种分子靶向药物治疗有效率可达60%。后有研究发现,基因突变才是关键因素,如果检测出有EGFR突变的肺癌病人,服用这两种分子 靶向药物,治疗有效率可达70%~80%,很多晚期病人已经存活3~5年,最长7年。

  吴一龙教授介绍,此前他们的研究已发现,与欧美等国家病人不同,中国晚期肺癌病人中30%都会出现EGFR突变的情况,据此使用靶向药物治疗,有效率可达70%以上,疗效是传统放化疗的3倍以上,晚期肺癌病人生存期可达到2年以上,传统治疗仅能维持10个月左右。

  但为什么还有20%~30%的肺癌病人有基因突变,却用药无效或者短时间后就失效?于是,他们提出了表皮生长因子受体突变丰度可能与肺癌靶向药物疗效 存在一定关系的假说,并巧妙地利用了现有的不同检测方法检测EGFR突变的敏感性不同的特点,设计了探讨EGFR基因突变丰度差异性的研究,最后得出明确 的量效结论——EGFR突变丰度高的病人靶向药物疗效最好,低丰度的病人效果较差,没有突变的没有效果。这项研究在国际上首次提出靶向药物量效关系的概 念,并对未来肺癌更有效、更精准的个性化治疗策略提出了新的研究方向。

原始出处:
Zhou Q, Zhang XC, Chen ZH, Yin XL, Yang JJ, Xu CR, Yan HH, Chen HJ, Su J, Zhong WZ, Yang XN, An SJ, Wang BC, Huang YS, Wang Z, Wu YL. Relative abundance of EGFR mutations predicts benefit from gefitinib treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

J Clin Oncol. 2011 Aug 20;29(24):3316-21

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    2014-09-12 lidong40
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    2013-11-28 liuyiping
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表皮生长因子激素受体(EGFR)基因突变可以改善晚期非小肺癌(NSCLC)患者的疗效及预后。然而,对于它在早期非小细胞肺癌患者预后中的作用没有得到很好的鉴定。 针对这种情况,来自美国马萨诸塞州总医院和哈佛医学院医学系的Michael Lanuti博士等人进行了一项研究。

WCLC 2013:EGFR野生型NSCLC二线治疗中培美曲塞优于吉非替尼(CTONG 0806研究)

没有EGFR突变的肺癌患者,靶向药物疗效如何?在悉尼举办的第15届世界肺癌大会上,公布了由吴一龙教授领衔的CTONG 0806研究结果,是今年会议8篇新闻发布论文之一,也是会改变肺癌临床实践的研究。培美曲塞和吉非替尼对于东亚的晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌患者来讲,都是标准的二线治疗药物。CTONG 0806研究,是一项多中心随机对照开放标签2期试验,目的是探索培美曲塞与吉非替尼作为二线治疗在晚期EGFR野

Lancet Oncol:EGFR野生型NSCLC二线治疗:厄洛替尼不敌标准化疗(TAILOR研究)

厄洛替尼已经用于晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的治疗。然而,对其治疗占很大比重的EGFR野生型患者的疗效仍然存在争议。因此,一项在线发表于《柳叶刀肿瘤学》(Lancet Oncology)的TAILOR研究评估了在这些EGFR野生型患者中使用厄洛替尼与标准二线化疗相比的疗效。研究内容:在意大利52家医院开展了这项随机对照试验。我们纳入EGFR野生型转移性非小细胞肺癌患者,既往接受过铂类为基础的

Cell:EGFR通过beclin 1抑制自噬,诱导非小细胞肺癌生长和耐药

日前,来自德克萨斯大学西南医学中心的研究人员发现,一种正常情况下提供细胞分裂信号的蛋白质,当其过度活跃时会破坏身体的正常细胞再循环过程(cellular recycling),促进癌症的生长及化疗耐药。这项研究发表在9月12日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。【原文下载】 表皮生长因子受体( EGFR )在许多类型癌细胞的表面异常高水平表达。由德克萨斯大学西南医学中心自噬

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