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中科院微生物研究所利用基因调控技术有望攻克棉花“癌症”

2016-10-08 吴晶晶 新华社

棉花黄萎病被称为棉花“癌症”,是我国新疆等地棉花生长最严重的病害,棉花患此病必严重减产甚至绝收,传统防治手段几乎不起作用。中国科学院微生物研究所研究员郭惠珊领导的研究组经过8年努力,利用基因调控技术,在防治棉花黄萎病方面取得一系列突破性进展。最新研究成果近日在国际期刊《自然—植物》杂志在线发表。 棉花黄萎病的“罪魁祸首”是大丽轮枝菌。郭惠珊团队在国际上首先揭示了这种真菌进入棉花体内的途径,随

棉花黄萎病被称为棉花“癌症”,是我国新疆等地棉花生长最严重的病害,棉花患此病必严重减产甚至绝收,传统防治手段几乎不起作用。中国科学院微生物研究所研究员郭惠珊领导的研究组经过8年努力,利用基因调控技术,在防治棉花黄萎病方面取得一系列突破性进展。最新研究成果近日在国际期刊《自然—植物》杂志在线发表。

棉花黄萎病的“罪魁祸首”是大丽轮枝菌。郭惠珊团队在国际上首先揭示了这种真菌进入棉花体内的途径,随后运用基因调控技术——RNAi基因“小剪刀”成功阻止进入棉花体内的病菌肆意扩散,并在陆地棉中培育出对黄萎病抗性较高的棉花新品系。经鉴定,新品系抗黄萎病性相对于对照品种提高了22.25%。

郭惠珊团队还进一步揭示了新棉花抗病品系是如何抵抗黄萎病的。研究人员发现,植物受大丽轮枝菌侵染会诱导积累一类植物内源小核糖核酸(miRNAs),它们能够转运到病菌细胞中,降解病菌的致病基因,从而达到抗衡病菌的效果。

相关专家表示,这一系列研究成果不仅在学术领域开创了新局面,而且为棉花黄萎病的可持续防控提供了重要的理论和技术支撑,对棉花产业的安全将产生重要影响。

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    2017-07-29 gous
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    2017-01-13 wjcjjian
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    2016-10-11 知难而进

    继续关注!

    0

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    2016-10-11 知难而进

    谢谢分享!

    0

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