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遗传发育所等发现树突棘形态发生及稳定的分子调控机制

2015-03-20 佚名 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

神经元群通过细胞之间大量的突触(synapse)连接进行信息交换和整合,形成神经网络,实现中枢神经系统感觉、思维、意识活动等高级功能,诸多神经精神性疾病的发生均伴随着突触结构或功能的异常。树突棘是神经元树突质膜上形成的微小膜状突起,是兴奋性突触信号的主要接收位点。树突棘的结构和功能可塑性是学习和记忆的细胞基础,肌动蛋白细胞骨架(actin cytoskeleton)重塑的调节在树突棘结构发生中至关

神经元群通过细胞之间大量的突触(synapse)连接进行信息交换和整合,形成神经网络,实现中枢神经系统感觉、思维、意识活动等高级功能,诸多神经精神性疾病的发生均伴随着突触结构或功能的异常。树突棘是神经元树突质膜上形成的微小膜状突起,是兴奋性突触信号的主要接收位点。树突棘的结构和功能可塑性是学习和记忆的细胞基础,肌动蛋白细胞骨架(actin cytoskeleton)重塑的调节在树突棘结构发生中至关重要,然而树突棘内调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架重塑的分子机制仍不完全清楚。

通过与北京大学生命科学学院及麦戈文脑研究院教授张晨合作,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所刘佳佳课题组发现神经系统高表达蛋白endophilin A1通过其互作蛋白p140Cap促进树突棘形态发生和成熟以及兴奋性突触的形成。在中枢神经元中,endophilin A1与树突棘内富含的细胞骨架调节因子p140Cap相互作用,破坏二者互作抑制树突棘的形成和成熟;通过活细胞成像及电生理分析发现,敲降endophilin A1或p140Cap抑制树突棘的稳定及兴奋性突触的功能;进一步研究发现endophilin A1可通过调节p140Cap及下游分子——肌动蛋白核化调节因子cortactin在树突棘内的分布,调控树突棘内肌动蛋白的聚合,促进树突棘的成熟、稳定及兴奋性突触的形成。与endophilin A1不同的是,该家族蛋白其他成员endophilin A2、A3和B1对树突棘形态发生未见明显影响。长期以来,神经生物学领域对于endophilin A1功能的研究集中于其在突触前神经递质囊泡回收中的作用。该研究首次揭示了endophilin A1在突触后的功能,证明endophilin A1在突触前后均发挥重要作用,促进突触传递。

该项研究成果于3月13日在线发表于Cell Research (doi: 10.1038/cr.2015.31)。刘佳佳课题组的副研究员杨艳蕊为该论文第一作者,这一工作得到了国家自然科学基金委、科技部及中国科学院的资助。


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    2015-03-22 xiaoai5777

    好文章

    0

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    2015-03-22 neurowu
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