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Semin Arthritis Rheum:RA患者结核感染后可否继续使用生物制剂

2017-05-27 佚名 结核帮

肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂(TNFi)目前用于治疗许多慢性炎症性疾病,包括类风湿关节炎(RA),强直性脊柱炎,银屑病关节炎等。TNFi 对细胞内细菌感染(如结核杆菌)的免疫应答起着关键作用。已有研究显示,接受 TNFi 治疗的风湿病患者结核感染风险增加 0.6 至 24.1 倍。 对于已有结核感染的 RA 患者是否能继续使用 TNFi 这个问题,韩国学者 Cho 等给出了答案,结果发表在近期的杂志 Sem



肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂(TNFi)目前用于治疗许多慢性炎症性疾病,包括类风湿关节炎(RA),强直性脊柱炎,银屑病关节炎等。TNFi 对细胞内细菌感染(如结核杆菌)的免疫应答起着关键作用。已有研究显示,接受 TNFi 治疗的风湿病患者结核感染风险增加 0.6 至 24.1 倍。 对于已有结核感染的 RA 患者是否能继续使用 TNFi 这个问题,韩国学者 Cho 等给出了答案,结果发表在近期的杂志 Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism。

作者使用韩国国家医疗卫生保险项目数据库,回顾性纳入 4638 名初次使用改善病情的抗风湿药(DMARDs)为 TNFi 的 RA 患者。统计每半年使用 TNFi 治疗患者的结核发病率。使用卡方检验和 student's t 检验比较发展为结核感染和未合并结核感染的患者差异。使用 Poisson 回归分析研究结核感染的危险因素。 结核感染定义为满足结核国际 ICD10 标准,且开始至少三联抗结核治疗(异烟肼,利福平,乙胺丁醇或吡嗪酰胺)。潜在结核感染的治疗定义为 TNFi 使用前使用异烟肼,利福平,单用或二联抗结核治疗。结核感染后继续使用生物制剂定义为结核诊断后使用生物制剂。继续生物制剂后的结核再治疗定义为既往抗结核满 6 个月或更久疗程后,间隔 2 个月以再次使用抗结核药物。

该研究样本平均年龄为 53.5 岁,其中 81.8% 为女性患者。22% 的患者接受潜在结核感染治疗。首选的生物制剂依次为阿达木单抗(44.2%),依那西普(40.0%),和英夫利昔单抗(15.5%)。结核感染的发生率为 1.10/100 病人年(CI: 0.86-1.34.)。结核感染在最初的 6 个月发生率最高,为 1.56/100 病人年(CI:1.02-2.01),之后逐渐下降。83.7% 的患者接受甲氨蝶呤治疗,90.6% 接受糖皮质激素治疗。口服糖皮质激素或非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)的使用在有无发生结核的两组中未见明显差异。其中甲氨蝶呤在没有发展结核的患者中更常用。

该研究中,81 名患者出现结核感染并接受抗结核治疗,其中 30 人在平均 3.3 月的间隔后继续使用生物制剂,50% 的患者继续选用之前使用的生物制剂。与转换为传统 DMARDs 相比,继续接受原有生物制剂治疗的患者更多使用甲氨蝶呤,口服糖皮质激素和 NSAIDs。这 30 人中,有 2 人在 45.7 病人年的随访时间内再次出现结核感染,结核复发率为 4.38/100 病人年(CI:0-10.44)。 既往有结核感染的患者接受 TNFi 治疗后更易再发结核感染。结核感染风险与年龄大、男性、存在合并症、同时使用激素或其他 DMARDs、使用单克隆抗体(阿达木单抗,英夫利昔单抗,戈利木单抗)有关。

综上所述,使用生物制剂时应密切监测结核感染,尤其在前 6 个月。可考虑使用风险相对低非单抗类生物制剂,如依那西普,阿巴西普等。对于已有结核感染的患者,建议至少进行 6 个月抗结核治疗后,再考虑恢复使用生物制剂

原始出处:

Cho S K, Kim D, Won S, et al. Safety of resuming biologic DMARDs in patients who develop tuberculosis after anti-TNF treatment [J]. Seminars in Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2017.

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    2017-05-28 zhaojie88
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    2017-05-27 明天会更好!

    学习了,又涨知识了!

    0

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