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ECC 2013:Brentuximab或为晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤标准一线治疗

2014-01-03 beijia688 dxy

对于晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤患者而言,ABVD是标准治疗,但并非所有患者都可从这一方案中获得良好结局。美国明尼苏达州梅奥诊所的Stephen M. Ansell博士报道称,在ABVD基础上添加brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris),或用brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris)取代博莱霉素可取得高完全缓解率,而毒性反应仅有一般程度的增加。不久前在德国科隆举行的第19

对于晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤患者而言,ABVD是标准治疗,但并非所有患者都可从这一方案中获得良好结局。美国明尼苏达州梅奥诊所的Stephen M. Ansell博士报道称,在ABVD基础上添加brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris),或用brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris)取代博莱霉素可取得高完全缓解率,而毒性反应仅有一般程度的增加。

不久前在德国科隆举行的第19届国际霍奇金淋巴瘤专题研讨会上,Ansell博士详述了这一改善ABVD方案(阿霉素、博莱毒素、长春碱、和达卡巴嗪)疗效的路径。

ASCO Post专家组讨论会上,Ansell医生报告了brentuximab相关研究的一些细节。她指出:“针对晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤的最佳一线治疗方案的激烈争论已经持续了许多年。在欧洲,往往使用强化BEACOPP(博来霉素、阿霉素、环磷酰胺、长春新碱、甲基苄肼、丙卡马肼、泼尼松)方案,这是ABVD方案的强化版,这一方案也广泛应用于北美地区。”

一系列头对头比较都显示,强化BEACOPP方案较ABVD方案可产生更高的完全缓解率并改善无进展生存,但付出的代价是不育及血液学毒性及其他长期毒性。他指出:“BEACOPP方案有力改善了完全缓解率及无进展生存,但毒性事件是一个大问题。”

然而,最近的一项研究提示上述两种治疗方案的远期结局可能相似,这项研究对接下来的挽救治疗也进行了分析,得出的结果是“两种路径,殊途同归。”

ABVD方案用作初始治疗,大约可使75%的晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤患者获得完全缓解,5年无失败生存率为75%。Ansell博士指出:“如果你幸运地跻身这75%之列,你就可免于更多的治疗和长期毒性事件的困扰。”

在ABVD方案的基础上进一步改善疗效

常规ABVD方案治疗产生的问题是,对于某些特殊患者亚群无能为力,这些患者亚群包括:
老年患者(> 60岁),他们的5年无失败生存率约为55%;


III/IV期患者,5年无失败生存率约为65%;

国际预后评分(IPS)为3到7分的患者,他们的5年无失败生存率约为65%。

重要的问题是bleomycin引起的毒性事件。对于近来E2496试验的ABVD治疗的亚组分析显示,有24%的老年患者发展为bleomycin相关的肺毒性,18%的患者死亡。强化BEACOPP方案不适用于60岁以上的患者人群,而这一人群基数庞大。

基于ABVD的修正方案为数不少,它们都试图在保持ABVD疗效的同时降低毒性,使之适用于其他亚群患者的治疗,如老年患者,体力状态差的患者,高危进展患者,或更晚期的患者,但这些尝试都归于失败。包括对强化治疗(给老年人群带来了更多的毒性事件),取消达卡巴嗪(无进展生存率降低)以及使用吉西他滨替代博来毒素和达卡巴嗪(这一该当导致结局较差)方案等。

研究认为,“对于这些研究组,ABVD的疗效可能会减少10%到15%。”

添加Brentuximab治疗

或许,修改ABVD方案的最佳路径是添加或取代一款新药。在科隆研讨会上,Ansell博士详述了梅奥诊所,哥伦比亚癌症研究中心,以及德克萨斯大学MD癌症中心和北卡大学共同完成的brentuximab研究的一期结果。

这一研究旨在评估在ABVD方案的基础上添加brentuximab或取代博来霉素(AVD加brentuximab)的疗效和安全性。研究观察到,当添加brentuximab后,博来霉素的毒性更强了,因此研究者将方案更改为brentuximab替代博来霉素。在研究的第二阶段,他们取消了博来霉素,发现结果令人鼓舞。

研究者发现,接受ABVD加brentuximab的一线治疗后的22例患者中有21 (95%)例取得完全缓解,接受AVD加brentuximab一线治疗后的25例患者有24 (96%)例获得完全缓解。AVD加brentuximab治疗组仅有一例患者出现疾病进展。ABVD/brentuximab治疗组有一例患者在治疗期间发展为5级肺毒性事件,因此未接受评估。

ECHELON-1随机试验

他评论道:“这是一个非常高的缓解率,并且添加brentuximab这款新药后患者耐受良好,所以我们马上开展了一项大型随机ECHELON-1试验。”

ECHELON-1是一项招募超过1000例未经治疗的IIA期或IIB–IV期患者的国际研究。受试者经随机分组,分别接受BVD或 AVD加brentuximab方案治疗,研究人员基于Deauville评分对患者缓解率作出评价,之后患者或者继续4个周期的既定方案治疗,或者改为替代方案治疗。

Ansell博士预测道:“如果结果为阳性,那么这一试验将会重新定义晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤的一线标准治疗。”

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    2014-01-14 仁医06
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    2014-12-09 snf701207
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