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STM:孕妇肠道菌或影响胎儿血脑屏障发育

2014-11-21 叶予 生物通

大脑是最高级也最神秘的器官,它被血脑屏障封锁起来,与机体其他部分隔离。大脑和肠道看起来似乎并没有什么联系。然而本期Science Translational Medicine杂志发表的一项研究显示,肠道菌决定着小鼠血脑屏障的正确发育,不论是在出生前还是出生后。 血脑屏障(BBB)是血管壁内皮细胞紧密连接形成的。这道屏障非常有效,绝大多数蛋白和分子都不能通过,跨越血脑屏

大脑是最高级也最神秘的器官,它被血脑屏障封锁起来,与机体其他部分隔离。大脑和肠道看起来似乎并没有什么联系。然而本期Science Translational Medicine杂志发表的一项研究显示,肠道菌决定着小鼠血脑屏障的正确发育,不论是在出生前还是出生后。

血脑屏障(BBB)是血管壁内皮细胞紧密连接形成的。这道屏障非常有效,绝大多数蛋白和分子都不能通过,跨越血脑屏障一般需要特异性受体进行转运。

肠道也存在类似的屏障,肠道壁内皮细胞的紧密连接能阻止肠道菌进入机体内部。这道屏障的完整性由肠道菌自己控制,这项研究的领导者,Karolinska研究所的Sven Pettersson说。

已知肠道菌能够调节大脑的功能和发育,Pettersson等人想知道的是,肠道菌对大脑的影响是不是通过控制血脑屏障实现的。

研究人员将胎鼠分为无菌和正常两组,比较了它们血脑屏障的发育。正常组胎鼠的血脑屏障在胎儿发育后期正常闭合。但无菌组胎鼠(母鼠无菌)的血脑屏障无法正确闭合,检测抗体在孕晚期依然可以进入大脑组织。

研究显示,血脑屏障的通透性增大与紧密连接蛋白的低表达有关,这种情况会一直持续到小鼠成年。换句话说,如果无菌母鼠的后代一直保持无菌,那么它们成年时血脑屏障的通透性更大。

“有趣的是,血脑屏障受到了母体微生物组的控制,”爱尔兰科克大学(University College Cork)的John Cryan评论道。“我们一般认为微生物组的影响是出生后才开始的,但这项研究表明,母体的微生物组在出生前就已经影响了胎儿的发育。”

研究人员将正常小鼠的粪便移植给成年后的无菌小鼠,使血脑屏障的紧密连接蛋白恢复了正常表达,降低了血脑屏障的通透性。研究显示,给无菌小鼠提供源自细菌的短链脂肪酸也可以起到类似的效果。这说明,细菌对血脑屏障完整性的控制与其代谢产物有关。

“现在我们知道,任何威胁菌群内稳态的东西,都可能干扰血脑屏障的完整性,”Cryan说。

如果这项研究的结果能够延伸到人类,那么孕妇肠道菌受到的负面影响,就可能损害胎儿的大脑发育。举例来说,孕期使用抗生素可能存在一定的问题。另外,婴儿出生后的头几天,血脑屏障的发育和闭合仍在持续,这个时期的抗生素使用也可能影响大脑。

此前有研究指出,剖腹产可能使婴儿无法接收母体的部分细菌。因此,剖腹产也有可能影响血脑屏障的正常闭合,不利于婴儿的大脑发育。

原始出处:

Viorica Braniste1,*,†, Maha Al-Asmakh1,*, Czeslawa Kowal2,*, Farhana Anuar1, Afrouz Abbaspour1, Miklós Tóth3, Agata Korecka1, Nadja Bakocevic4, Ng Lai Guan4, Parag Kundu5, Balázs Gulyás3,5, Christer Halldin3,5, Kjell Hultenby6, Harriet Nilsson7, Hans Hebert7, Bruce T. Volpe8, Betty Diamond2,‡ and Sven Pettersson1,5,9,†‡The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice.Sci Transl Med 19 November 2014: DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009759


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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1677940, encodeId=4d5816e7940d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=29a8168130f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#STM#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16813, encryptionId=29a8168130f, topicName=STM)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d76127619556, createdName=gdsun, createdTime=Thu Oct 29 22:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12974, encodeId=e618129e44c, content=后天的菌群改变,对血脑屏障有影响吗,又会有怎样的影响呢? BBB改变是表现,进一步的研究应该探索和脑疾病的关系, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ead2109432, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Sat Dec 06 15:45:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262322, encodeId=edac12623225a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff3c89946de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血脑屏障#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89946, encryptionId=ff3c89946de, topicName=血脑屏障)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68b666, createdName=zhangying8788, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347027, encodeId=4bb7134e027ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392151, encodeId=fb06139215121, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-29 gdsun
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1677940, encodeId=4d5816e7940d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=29a8168130f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#STM#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16813, encryptionId=29a8168130f, topicName=STM)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d76127619556, createdName=gdsun, createdTime=Thu Oct 29 22:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12974, encodeId=e618129e44c, content=后天的菌群改变,对血脑屏障有影响吗,又会有怎样的影响呢? BBB改变是表现,进一步的研究应该探索和脑疾病的关系, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ead2109432, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Sat Dec 06 15:45:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262322, encodeId=edac12623225a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff3c89946de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血脑屏障#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89946, encryptionId=ff3c89946de, topicName=血脑屏障)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68b666, createdName=zhangying8788, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347027, encodeId=4bb7134e027ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392151, encodeId=fb06139215121, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-12-06 illustrator

    后天的菌群改变,对血脑屏障有影响吗,又会有怎样的影响呢? BBB改变是表现,进一步的研究应该探索和脑疾病的关系

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1677940, encodeId=4d5816e7940d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=29a8168130f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#STM#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16813, encryptionId=29a8168130f, topicName=STM)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d76127619556, createdName=gdsun, createdTime=Thu Oct 29 22:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12974, encodeId=e618129e44c, content=后天的菌群改变,对血脑屏障有影响吗,又会有怎样的影响呢? BBB改变是表现,进一步的研究应该探索和脑疾病的关系, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ead2109432, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Sat Dec 06 15:45:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262322, encodeId=edac12623225a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ff3c89946de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血脑屏障#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89946, encryptionId=ff3c89946de, topicName=血脑屏障)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68b666, createdName=zhangying8788, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347027, encodeId=4bb7134e027ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392151, encodeId=fb06139215121, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 23 00:59:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-11-23 neurowu
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Neural Regen Res:修饰脂质体可跨越血脊髓屏障及血脑屏障

研究表明,单纯脂质体通过静脉注射后,仅有少量可以穿过血脑屏障。跨膜肽修饰的脂质体可以携带药物治疗颅内感染,同时经聚乙二醇修饰增加了其稳定性,并可以更长时间的存在于体循环中。一项关于“Transactivating-transduction protein-polyethylene glycol modified liposomes traverse the blood-spinal cord an

PNAS:恢复血脑屏障的完整性

一项研究发现,恢复血脑屏障的完整性可能有助于减缓并逆转诸如多发性硬化、阿兹海默病和帕金森病的发展。几种退行性脑病能削弱血脑屏障——这是把血流和中枢神经系统的液体分隔开来的人体天然机制——因此也就让不适宜的分子进入了大脑,产生了灾难性的后果。Egle Solito及其同事确定了称为Annexin A1 (ANXA1)的基因产物调控着大脑内皮细胞的这种屏障的完整性,该基因就是在大脑内皮细胞表达的。这组

JCI:血脑屏障的免疫交换或助力多发性硬化症研究

2012年11月21日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,刊登在国际杂志Journal of Clinical Investigation上的一篇研究报告中,来自加州大学的研究者通过获取一些多发性硬化病人多的DNA序列并进行研究,揭示了一种“免疫交换”机制的存在,这种机制可以使得致病细胞在大脑内外互相移动。 从脑脊髓液和血样中获取的细胞名为B细胞,其可以帮助机体清理来自外部的机体感染。当前认为

血脑屏障通透性指数可预测血肿扩大

首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科赵性泉教授带领硕士研究生、北大国际医院神经内科医师王玮婧新近完成的一项研究显示,脑出血早期血肿扩大对脑出血预后有重要影响,血脑屏障通透性指数对脑出血早期血肿扩大具有预测作用,其灵敏度和特异性均较高。 脑出血是最严重的脑血管疾病之一,其发病率约占所有脑血管疾病的近两成。现已知,血肿扩大是脑出血预后不良的独立危险因素,但如何快速准确地

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