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Thorax:阿司匹林可降低LPS诱导的急性呼吸窘迫综合征人体模型的肺部炎症

2017-01-14 xing.T MedSci原创

这是第一个前瞻性人体研究,其数据表明无论是低剂量还是高剂量阿司匹林都能够抑制肺中性粒细胞性炎症。进一步的临床研究可以评估阿司匹林在急性呼吸窘迫综合征的预防和治疗中的作用。

血小板在急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发病机制中发挥了积极的作用。动物实验和观察性研究显示阿司匹林的抗血小板和免疫调节作用可能对急性呼吸窘迫综合征是有益的。近日,胸部疾病领域权威杂志Thorax上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员试图验证阿司匹林可减少临床相关的模拟参与急性呼吸窘迫综合征发生的病理生理机制的人体模型炎症的这一假说。

在这个双盲、安慰剂对照、隐瞒分组情况的研究中,研究人员将健康志愿者随机分组,在吸入脂多糖(LPS)7天前分别接受安慰剂或75毫克的阿司匹林治疗。吸入50 µg LPS后6 小时研究者对参与者进行了支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)。该研究的主要结局指标为BAL中IL-8水平。次要结局指标包括肺泡炎症标志物(BAL中性粒细胞、细胞因子、中性蛋白酶)、肺泡上皮细胞损伤、全身炎症反应(中性粒细胞和血浆C反应蛋白(CRP))和血小板活化(血栓素B2、B2)。进行灌注和体外通气(EVLP)的患者肺脏随机接受安慰剂或24毫克的阿司匹林治疗,并采用LPS诱导损伤。4 小时后进行了BAL,研究人员通过BAL细胞计数和组织学变化来评估炎症。

在健康志愿者(n=33)模型中,阿司匹林组的数据是复杂的。阿司匹林并不能降低BAL中IL-8水平;然而,阿司匹林能够降低肺中性粒细胞和组织损伤中性粒细胞蛋白酶(基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-8/-9),降低BAL中肿瘤坏死因子α水平,以及降低全身和肺部TXB2水平。使用高剂量与地剂量阿司匹林并无显著性差异,在EVLP模型中,阿司匹林可以降低BAL中性粒细胞水平和改善通过组织学损伤测量的肺泡损伤。

这是第一个前瞻性人体研究,其数据表明无论是低剂量还是高剂量阿司匹林都能够抑制肺中性粒细胞性炎症。进一步的临床研究可以评估阿司匹林在急性呼吸窘迫综合征的预防和治疗中的作用。

原始出处:

U Hamid, et al. Aspirin reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation in human models of ARDS. Thorax. 2017. 

本文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!


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    2017-01-15 tanxingdoctor

    很不错,谢谢分享

    0

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小剂量阿司匹林为何能降低癌症的发生风险?

世界范围内癌症是造成死亡的首要病因,据估计未来几年癌症的发病率仍会上升。癌症的预防策略包括选择健康的生活方式,癌症高风险人群定期进行筛查等。近日,来自俄勒冈健康与科学大学(OHSU)与俄勒冈州立大学(OSU)的一项新的研究表明,小剂量阿司匹林有助于防止癌细胞的形成,并解释了这背后的机制,该研究结果已发表于AJP-Cell Physiology。研究显示,除了凝血外,血小板还可增加机体某些蛋白的水平

2016年终盘点:“神药”阿司匹林是否真的能够抵抗癌症?

医药史上的三大经典药物包括阿司匹林、青霉素和安定,其中药物阿司匹林在穿越了百年的风雨沉浮之后,终于焕发出了新的光彩。美国预防服务工作组在发表的最新指南中指出,阿司匹林能够作为心血管疾病和结直肠癌的一级预防药物。关于阿司匹林与癌症的关系,众说纷纭,现在这个问题终于有定论了,这项最新指南正式将阿司匹林作为预防结直肠癌的一级预防药物了。那么阿司匹林到底是否能够预防癌症,或者说是帮助机体抵御癌症呢?请

JNCI:长期服用阿司匹林,会增加某类癌症的死亡风险

导读 常常听说阿司匹林能降低癌症风险,但最近,研究人员发现,长期服用阿司匹林等非甾体类抗炎药与I型子宫内膜癌的死亡风险增加有关。研究人员认为,虽然这些数据有趣,但仍需进一步研究。

每日服用低剂量阿司匹林可能会降低胰腺癌风险

一项新出炉的研究显示,每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林可能会降低患胰腺癌的风险。据合众国际社报道,该研究论文主要作者、耶鲁公共卫生学院流行病学教授里施(Harvey Risch)博士表示,来自中国的这项研究虽然并未证明其中的因果关系,然而一些明显证据表明,服用阿司匹林不仅可降低患心血管病或结直肠癌的风险,也有可能会降低人们患胰腺癌的风险。据美国癌症协会统计,今年约有5.3万美国人将被诊断为胰腺癌,每年约4

PLOS ONE:全新证据!每天服用阿司匹林降低心脏病风险、预防癌症、延长寿命

导读 每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林究竟能否带来健康益处在今年引起了争议。近日,发表在PLOS ONE杂志上的一项研究给出了新的支持证据。研究表示,每天服用低剂量的阿司匹林能够降低心脏病发作的风险,预防某些癌症和癌症相关死亡并延长寿命。

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