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BMC Med:较高的咖啡摄入减弱遗传与BMI和肥胖风险之间的相关性?

2017-08-04 门鹏 环球医学资讯

肥胖是一种世界性的流行病,它给公共健康带来了巨大的负担。最近,新兴的数据表明,遗传易感性与饮食和生活方式的协同作用可能在影响肥胖风险方面起着重要作用。2017年5月,发表在《BMC Med》的一项由美国科学家对3项前瞻性研究中的基因-饮食相互作用分析,考察了习惯性咖啡摄入和肥胖的遗传易感性的相关性。

肥胖是一种世界性的流行病,它给公共健康带来了巨大的负担。最近,新兴的数据表明,遗传易感性与饮食和生活方式的协同作用可能在影响肥胖风险方面起着重要作用。2017年5月,发表在《BMC Med》的一项由美国科学家对3项前瞻性研究中的基因-饮食相互作用分析,考察了习惯性咖啡摄入和肥胖的遗传易感性的相关性。

背景:相对于体重指数(BMI)和肥胖,习惯性咖啡摄入是否与肥胖的遗传易感性相互作用未知。

方法:研究人员分析了相对于BMI和肥胖风险,遗传易感性和习惯性咖啡摄入之间的相互作用。研究患者为来自于卫生专业人员随访研究(HPFS)的5116名男性,以及来自于护士健康研究(NHS)的9841名女性和女性健康倡议(WHI)的5648名女性。基于77个BMI相关的基因位点,计算遗传风险评分。前瞻性地考察与BMI相关的咖啡摄入。

结果:HPFS(P交互=0.023)和NHS(P交互=0.039)中,摄入较多咖啡的参与者比摄入较少的参与者,遗传与BMI之间的相关性有所减弱。WHI(P交互=0.044)中也出现了相似的结果。所有队列的组合数据中,咖啡摄入<1、1~3、>3杯/天者,BMI每增加10个风险等位基因的差异分别为1.38(标准误差[SE],0.28)、1.02(SE,0.10)和0.95(SE,0.12)kg/m2(P<0.001)。该相关性部分由于较低遗传风险的参与者中,咖啡摄入增加造成BMI稍微增加;较高遗传风险的参与者中,咖啡摄入增加BMI稍微降低。风险等位基因每增加10,分别与这些咖啡摄入亚组肥胖症风险增加78%(95% CI,59~99%)、48%(36~62%)和43%(28~59%)相关(P=0.008)。另一个视角来看,咖啡摄入每增加1杯/天,高中低遗传风险评分的BMI的差异分别为0.02(SE,0.09)、-0.02(0.04)和-0.14(0.04)kg/m2。

结论:较高的咖啡摄入会减弱遗传与BMI和肥胖风险之间的相关性,具有较高肥胖遗传易感性的个体貌似具有较低的与较高咖啡摄入相关的BMI。

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