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JAMA:女性怀孕前接种疫苗对妊娠结局无影响

2015-10-21 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

免疫实践咨询委员会(ACIP)推荐孕妇在每次怀孕期间可以使用破伤风,白喉和百日咳(Tdap)疫苗,不管之前的免疫状态如何。但是,怀孕期间重复的Tdap的疫苗接种的安全数据缺乏。该研究的目的是确定从之前接种含破伤风疫苗开始在较近的间隔内接受Tdap疫苗是否与母亲急性不良事件以及新生儿的不良出生结果有关。该回顾性队列研究包括29155名孕妇,年龄在14至49岁,研究周期为2007年1月1日至2013年

免疫实践咨询委员会(ACIP)推荐孕妇在每次怀孕期间可以使用破伤风,白喉和百日咳(Tdap)疫苗,不管之前的免疫状态如何。但是,怀孕期间重复的Tdap的疫苗接种的安全数据缺乏。

该研究的目的是确定从之前接种含破伤风疫苗开始在较近的间隔内接受Tdap疫苗是否与母亲急性不良事件以及新生儿的不良出生结果有关。

该回顾性队列研究包括29155名孕妇,年龄在14至49岁,研究周期为2007年1月1日至2013年11月15日,研究人员使用了加利福尼亚州、科罗拉多州、明尼苏达州、俄勒冈州、华盛顿州和威斯康星州7个疫苗安全数据链网站的数据。

符合条件的女性为接种Tdap疫苗,随后在两年内,2-5年内,超过5年接种含破伤风疫苗。主要结果为急性不良反应(发热、过敏和局部反应)和不良分娩结局(小于胎龄儿、早产和低出生体重)。在妊娠期间接种Tdap疫苗的女性以及超过5年之前接种过含破伤风疫苗的女性作为对照。

与之前接种含破伤风疫苗的时间相关的医疗急性不良事件或不良出生结局发生率无统计学差异显著。例如,在怀孕之前不到2年的时间内接种Tdap的局部反应发生率(每10000名女性)为4.2(调整风险比[RR],0.49 [95%Cl,0.11-2.20];P=0.35),怀孕前2-5年之间的发生率为7.0(调整后的RR,0.77 [95%Cl,0.31-1.95];P=0.59),对照组为11.2。在怀孕之前不到2年的时间内接种Tdap的女性早产发生率为6.6%(调整后的RR,1.15 [95%Cl,0.98-1.34];P=0.08),怀孕前2-5年之间的发生率为6.4%(调整后的RR,1.06 [95%Cl,0.94-1.19];P=0.33),对照组为6.8%。在怀孕之前不到2年的时间内接种含破伤风疫苗的小于胎龄儿发生率为9.0%(调整后的RR,0.99 [95%Cl,0.87-1.13];P=0.88),怀孕前2-5年之间的发生率为8.7%(调整后的RR,0.96 [95%Cl,0.87-1.06];P=0.45),对照组为9.1%。

与那些接种疫苗超过5年的女性相比,在怀孕期间接受Tdap的疫苗注射的女性,和怀孕前不到2年或2-5年接种疫苗的女性,并没有增加急性不良事件或不良生育结果的风险。这些结果表明,相对较近的时间接种过含破伤风疫苗不会增加怀孕期间接种Tdap疫苗的风险。

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    2016-02-26 szhvet
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    2015-10-22 owlhealth

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    2015-10-21 pine007

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