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PLoS Med:非洲国家是如何改善艾滋控制的?

2017-05-17 MedSci MedSci原创

联合国HIV/AIDS联合规划署(艾滋病规划署)90-90-90目标要求,到2020年,应该知晓90%的艾滋病毒感染者的感染情况,对90%已知艾滋病毒阳性个体进行持续抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART),而且ART 90%的患者应具有持久病毒抑制作用。HPTN 071(PopART)试验正在测定赞比亚和南非21个城市社区普遍检测和治疗干预对人口艾滋病发病率的影响。本研究报道了赞比亚四个社区的观察资料,以评估

虽然全球艾滋病新感染发病率有所下降,但撒哈拉以南非洲地区的许多地区的发病率和流行率仍然维持在较高水平。近日,国际杂志Plos medicine在线发表了一项赞比亚如何在社区水平通过普遍的检测和治疗干预来改善艾滋病控制集群随机试验的研究结果。

联合国HIV/AIDS联合规划署(艾滋病规划署)90-90-90目标要求,到2020年,应该知晓90%的艾滋病毒感染者的感染情况,对90%已知艾滋病毒阳性个体进行持续抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART),而且ART 90%的患者应具有持久病毒抑制作用。HPTN 071PopART)试验正在测定赞比亚和南非21个城市社区普遍检测和治疗干预对人口艾滋病发病率的影响。本研究报道了赞比亚四个社区的观察资料,以评估在PopART干预后1年的艾滋病规划署目标的进展情况。

PopART干预包括由社区艾滋病毒感染者护理提供者(CHiP)提供的每周一次的家庭艾滋病毒检测,这些HIV检测机构同时也提供护理,ART保留和其他服务的联系。总的来说,在第一轮(201312月至20156月)期间,共纳入自46,714户家庭的121,130名成年人(59,283名男性和61,847名女性)。在接受CHIP访问的45,39977%)男性和55,70390%)妇女中,80%的男性和85%的女性了解他们的艾滋病的状况。在6,197例艾滋病毒阳性成人中,42%(95CI40-43%)在6个月内启动了抗逆转录病毒治疗,53%95CI52-55%)在12个月内启动了抗逆转录病毒治疗。在全体人口中,艾滋病毒感染者的比例从男性的52%上升到78%,妇女的比例从56%上升到87%。已知艾滋病毒阳性个体对ART的估计比例从CHIP访问后的54%总体上升至男性结束时的74%,女性的比例从53%上升到73%。与81%的目标(前两个90的个目标)相比,艾滋病毒阳性成人对ART的总体比例,无论他们是否知晓,都从44%提高到61%。男女青年的覆盖率低于老年人群。虽然结论在敏感性分析中是稳健的,研究的主要局限是缺乏对于不同意干预或艾滋病毒检测的成年人艾滋病病毒状况和抗病毒治疗覆盖。

在本研究中,尽管与护理和ART启动联系比预期需要更长的时间,但是总体对艾滋病毒检测干预措施的接受性很高。艾滋病病毒感染状态知识在1年后急剧增加,在妇女几乎达到第一个90目标,且接近男性。第二个90目标更具挑战性,在年度末期结束时,大约有四分之三的已知艾滋病毒阳性个体在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。在第二次年度干预中,如何对男性实现更高的检测效果和快速护理联动将成为关键的目标。

原始出处:

Richard Hayes , Sian Floyd, Ab Schaap, et.al. A universal testing and treatment intervention to improve HIV control: One-year results from intervention communities in Zambia in the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster-randomised trial.

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    值得学习分享

    0

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    2017-05-18 惠映实验室

    控制源头,防治结合,预防为主

    0

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    2017-05-17 189****7206

    艾滋病在我国仍然是个棘手的事情,人们依然对他有很多错误认识,这是非常严重的隐患。

    0

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    2017-05-17 131****2916

    这个就得好好研究一下了

    0

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    2017-05-17 1e20390em99(暂无匿称)

    值得学习分享

    0

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