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麻省总医院科研的大环境和小环境

2015-12-22 朱庆莉 健康界

2014年2月-7月,我以research fellow的身份,在美国麻省总医院( Massachusetts General Hospital,以下简称MGH )完成了半年的临床研究工作,在此期间有机会参与了多项超声临床科研工作,对于今后的临床科研工作多有裨益。MGH拥有无可比拟的优越的科研大环境。著名的哈佛医学院、哈佛大学以及MIT均坐落在波士顿Cambridge,与MGH仅一河之隔,地理上非

2014年2月-7月,我以research fellow的身份,在美国麻省总医院( Massachusetts General Hospital,以下简称MGH )完成了半年的临床研究工作,在此期间有机会参与了多项超声临床科研工作,对于今后的临床科研工作多有裨益。

MGH拥有无可比拟的优越的科研大环境。著名的哈佛医学院、哈佛大学以及MIT均坐落在波士顿Cambridge,与MGH仅一河之隔,地理上非常接近,便于整合多方面资源(包括医疗单位、医学生物学和其他工科专业的试验室等)成立专门的转化医学中心。该区域针对转化医学各环节提供的专业咨询及在实验室硬件方面的支持与帮助,简化和便捷了科研流程,使得“good idea”成为最核心的创造力;学科的融合、碰撞产生交叉学科,加速成果的产出和生产力的转化。我们在哈佛大学听了一个借助LEGO(世界著名拼插玩具)进行DNA空间结构的研究,这个点子非常令人赞叹。事实证明这种转化医学的模式是非常有效的,波士顿目前已经成为美国的生物医学制药硅谷,MIT校区周边鳞次栉比的初创公司,很多就是由MIT或哈佛的教授创办,生产自己的专利产品。

MGH医院层面有强大的科研策略。该院领导层努力在医院内营造浓厚的科研氛围。医院成立专门的科研委员会,由来自不同专业的资深教授轮流担任主席,一方面能够保证正确的科研大方向,一方面更重要的是保证了科研必须坚持的民主氛围——“兼收并蓄,百家争鸣”。

我感触比较深的有以下几方面:(1)免费举办各种形式的科研相关培训,包括主题授课、小组讨论、网络课程,不仅讲述一些具体的科研方法,还详细介绍科研资源。MGH的盛名每年吸引着数以千计的research fellow,这些课程对于提高不同层次科研人员的科研能力、规范科研行为都起到了重要作用。(2)针对科研的各个环节,为科研人员提供免费咨询。临床科研中会遇到各种问题,有的问题是非常个体化、具体化的,仅仅通过听课无法解决,一对一的咨询就显得非常重要。通过与资深专业人员交流,不仅可以找到解决办法,有时候还可以更加客观地看待自己的原始假设。(3)定期举办科研周,鼓励科研人员展示自己的科研成果。科研周的主题发言往往是医院的明星成果,这种主题发言能起到指引业界动向、启发思路的作用。我个人很喜欢的方式是展板壁报,从中可以非常高效地寻找个人感兴趣的新技术,寻找可合作的研究领域。(4)友好的科研环境。各部门均有专人负责科研工作(可以是专职research nurse),包括协调时间、预约病人、文档管理,工作主动态度热情;每一个research fellow均可获得相应的权限,访问调用医院的各级数据系统;登陆后可获得专用的动态硬盘空间,便于科研工作。(5)科研数据管理共享专用的应用软件。科研数据分享,一方面要便捷,更重要的是保证患者隐私,因此医院的信息系统辅助维护了专用软件(Redcap)实时更新数据,非常有利于繁忙的多学科临床科研合作。

明确专科的科研动向和未来趋势,是进行高质量科研的重要前提。作为一个著名的综合医院,MGH拥有高质量的病源和高水平的临床服务,相当一部分医生并不从事实验室研究,而是以解决具体的临床问题为目的,充分发挥临床科研的优势。

通过交流探讨,我认为影像学临床科研的核心就是新技术应用。主要包括以下三方面:第一,层出不穷的新的成像模式为临床科研提供了新课题。比如不同MRI成像模式对转移癌的诊断,中枢神经系统的功能MRI;甲状腺滤泡肿瘤的超声弹性成像诊断;慢性肾脏疾病的超声弹性成像诊断等。第二,随着基因诊断技术的临床应用,影像学评价与基因诊断的综合判断,将有广阔的研究空间。比如AFIRMA多基因扩增法对甲状腺良性结节有很高的诊断阴性预测值(96%),该技术仅利用FNA穿刺标本即可完成,创伤小操作简便,极大降低了手术探查活检率,将对未来的甲状腺结节诊断产生重大影响。然而AFIRMA在现有甲状腺结节诊断流程中的价值及应用范围尚未知,有待获得更多的证据。这也是我本次临床科研的重要内容。第三,介入医疗器械改良与临床应用。医疗器械不同于药物,操作者的放置技术有很重要作用,同时在研究方案、受试者分组、疗效评估方面也有独特之处。MGH放射科的Peter?Mueller是介入治疗的先驱,他率先将经皮穿刺脓肿引流、射频治疗等技术应用于临床,成为该项技术全球应用的先驱,与此同时他还在临床工作中不断思考,开发、改良了多种穿刺引流导管,目前在全球广泛应用的以他的名字命名的导管就是一个最典型的例子。这个过程也是一个完美的临床科研实证。

(北京协和医院供稿,作者系北京协和医院医生)

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923446, encodeId=a5571923446f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef2f52e50d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#总医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52750, encryptionId=ef2f52e50d4, topicName=总医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Jan 29 15:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49335, encodeId=9c3c493350a, content=很值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=173, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 12:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47486, encodeId=00084e48643, content=差距啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68f51662266, createdName=天下布武, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 18:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47094, encodeId=359a4e09482, content=差距实在是蛮大的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://login.medsci.cn/upload/avatar/e3b78fdf1c4d3e2e9ec6e03f643df0e2/6ca494c7b27a25fdde0721c5dac778d7.jpg, createdBy=2e441664544, createdName=鲜花飞鸟, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 17:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47064, encodeId=13ae4e064c9, content=比不来啊,羡慕, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/17/3872cad7a53dc9dcbd08202fb6313cf4.jpg, createdBy=2cb71609450, createdName=KO229256262, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 16:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 忠诚向上

    很值得学习

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923446, encodeId=a5571923446f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef2f52e50d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#总医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52750, encryptionId=ef2f52e50d4, topicName=总医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Jan 29 15:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49335, encodeId=9c3c493350a, content=很值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=173, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 12:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47486, encodeId=00084e48643, content=差距啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68f51662266, createdName=天下布武, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 18:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47094, encodeId=359a4e09482, content=差距实在是蛮大的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://login.medsci.cn/upload/avatar/e3b78fdf1c4d3e2e9ec6e03f643df0e2/6ca494c7b27a25fdde0721c5dac778d7.jpg, createdBy=2e441664544, createdName=鲜花飞鸟, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 17:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47064, encodeId=13ae4e064c9, content=比不来啊,羡慕, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/17/3872cad7a53dc9dcbd08202fb6313cf4.jpg, createdBy=2cb71609450, createdName=KO229256262, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 16:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-24 天下布武

    差距啊

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923446, encodeId=a5571923446f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef2f52e50d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#总医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52750, encryptionId=ef2f52e50d4, topicName=总医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Jan 29 15:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49335, encodeId=9c3c493350a, content=很值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=173, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 12:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47486, encodeId=00084e48643, content=差距啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68f51662266, createdName=天下布武, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 18:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47094, encodeId=359a4e09482, content=差距实在是蛮大的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://login.medsci.cn/upload/avatar/e3b78fdf1c4d3e2e9ec6e03f643df0e2/6ca494c7b27a25fdde0721c5dac778d7.jpg, createdBy=2e441664544, createdName=鲜花飞鸟, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 17:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47064, encodeId=13ae4e064c9, content=比不来啊,羡慕, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/17/3872cad7a53dc9dcbd08202fb6313cf4.jpg, createdBy=2cb71609450, createdName=KO229256262, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 16:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-22 鲜花飞鸟

    差距实在是蛮大的

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923446, encodeId=a5571923446f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef2f52e50d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#总医院#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52750, encryptionId=ef2f52e50d4, topicName=总医院)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1d2500084, createdName=1249884fm87暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Jan 29 15:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=49335, encodeId=9c3c493350a, content=很值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=173, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=45101626056, createdName=忠诚向上, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 12:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47486, encodeId=00084e48643, content=差距啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=68f51662266, createdName=天下布武, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 18:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47094, encodeId=359a4e09482, content=差距实在是蛮大的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://login.medsci.cn/upload/avatar/e3b78fdf1c4d3e2e9ec6e03f643df0e2/6ca494c7b27a25fdde0721c5dac778d7.jpg, createdBy=2e441664544, createdName=鲜花飞鸟, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 17:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=47064, encodeId=13ae4e064c9, content=比不来啊,羡慕, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/17/3872cad7a53dc9dcbd08202fb6313cf4.jpg, createdBy=2cb71609450, createdName=KO229256262, createdTime=Tue Dec 22 16:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-22 KO229256262

    比不来啊,羡慕

    0

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