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Science+Sci Transl Med:中南大学在Science及其子刊揭示精神疾病发病机理

2018-12-16 佚名 中南大学新闻网

近日,国际顶级学术期刊Science和Science Translational Medicine同期发表了中南大学生命科学学院、医学遗传学研究中心刘春宇教授和陈超副教授团队的3项重要研究成果。这些研究发现加深了我们对精神分裂症、双向情感障碍和自闭症发病机制的理解,为今后的致病机制的深入研究、寻找疾病的药物治疗靶点提供重要基础。

近日,国际顶级学术期刊Science和Science Translational Medicine同期发表了中南大学生命科学学院、医学遗传学研究中心刘春宇教授和陈超副教授团队的3项重要研究成果。这些研究发现加深了我们对精神分裂症、双向情感障碍和自闭症发病机制的理解,为今后的致病机制的深入研究、寻找疾病的药物治疗靶点提供重要基础。

精神分裂症(schizophrenia,SCZ)、双相情感障碍(bipolar disorder,BD)、自闭症(autism,ASD)是常见的精神疾病,这些疾病影响着全世界约3%的人口,给社会造成了严重的精神卫生问题。这些疾病均是由多个基因调控、具有很高的遗传度(约为70-90%)的遗传性疾病。大量的研究发现,这些疾病的大多数遗传风险位点位于非编码区域,提示基因表达调控、可变剪切与精神疾病发病机制的重要联系。然而,目前基于大样本的疾病转录组研究仍然有限。基于此问题,刘春宇和陈超课题组根据PsychENCODE项目的人脑RNA测序数据,利用基因共表达网络分析等方法在全基因组范围内研究基因表达调控与SCZ、BD、ASD发病机制的关系,发表了3篇重要学术论文:

第一篇论文“Transcriptome-wide isoform-level dysregulation in ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder”发表于Science期刊。该研究基于PsychENCODE项目的1695个人脑样本[SCZ(n=559)、BD(n=222)、ASD(n=51)、以及正常对照(Control,n=936)]的测序数据,通过在全基因组范围内的差异表达分析发现:(1)人脑转录组有超过25%的成分在疾病和正常对照中存在差异表达或差异剪切的情况,且转录本水平的变化对疾病的贡献最大;(2)基因共表达网络分析发现了疾病类型特异性的与神经元、小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞相关的,以及与干扰素应答相关的共表达模块;(3)疾病风险位点可能通过顺式基因表达调控而作用于疾病。该研究在基因和转录本水平综合分析了基因表达调控与精神疾病的关系,为疾病的病因学研究和药物治疗提供了重要基础。

第二篇论文“The transcription factor POU3F2 regulates a gene coexpression network in brain tissue from patients with psychiatric disorders”发表在Science Translational Medicine。该研究整合分析了由394个样本(SCZ=95,BD=74,control=225)组成的3套不同的人脑转录组数据,在全基因组范围内构建miRNA和mRNA共表达网络,并发现了一个与疾病相关的基因共表达模块。该模块与胶质细胞和神经元的生成和分化相关,还富集了携带罕见变异的SCZ风险基因。转录因子POU3F2是该模块的关键调控因子,可以调控模块内的miRNA和其他mRNA的表达。该调控关系在PsychENCODE BrainGVEX等转录组数据、以及体外细胞实验得到了验证。该研究发现了POU3F2在SCZ和BD的作用,提示了整合基因型、miRNA和mRNA表达数据、以及TF和miRNA结合信息有助于揭示复杂精神疾病的遗传学机制。

第三篇论文“The DGCR5 long noncoding RNA may regulate expression of several schizophrenia-related genes”发表在Science Translational Medicine。该研究基于PsychENCODE BrainGVEX(n=259)和Developmental Capstone(n=37)项目的正常成人脑和发育脑的RNA测序数据,在全基因组范围内研究SCZ风险相关的10个CNV缺失区域内的长链非编码RNA对SCZ风险的作用。该研究在两套数据里发现了一个共有的、与神经功能相关的长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)共表达模块。该模块包含了一个位于22q11.2 CNV区域内的lncRNADGCR5,以及一些与SCZGWAS信号、新发突变、差异表达相关的蛋白质编码基因。通过体外实验验证了DGCR5可以调控CNV区域外的多个SCZ相关基因的表达。该研究提示CNV不仅会影响区域内的基因,还能通过CNV区域内的lncRNA的基因表达调控作用来放大其生物学效应。

上述研究得到了中国自然科学基金委青年项目和面上项目、国家重点研发计划、中南大学创新驱动计划,以及美国国立精神卫生院等多个基金支持。

原始出处:

1.Gandal MJ,et al.Transcriptome-wide isoform-level dysregulation in ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.Science. 2018 Dec 14;362(6420). pii: eaat8127.


3.Meng Q,et al.The DGCR5 long noncoding RNA may regulate expression of several schizophrenia-related genes.Sci Transl Med. 2018 Dec 13. pii: eaat6912.

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    2019-10-28 bsmagic9140
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    2018-12-18 jichang
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    2018-12-18 hb2008ye

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