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IMMUNOL CELL BIOL:早期运动对机体肠道微生物群有何好处?

2016-01-01 QQduhp 译 MedSci原创

科罗拉多大学的研究人员表示他们已经发现,在幼年时期便积极开始运动则肠道微生物群可发生改变,更有利于大脑发育和机体代谢活动。研究发表在Immunology and Cell Biology,由Monika Fleshner教授指导进行。她和她的同事们解释道,我们的肠道的微生物数量超过100万亿个,其中许多微生物在我们出生后不久便迅速出现在肠道。它们对我们免疫系统的发展至关重要,可以在我们的整体基因库

科罗拉多大学的研究人员表示,他们已经发现在幼年时期便积极开始运动则肠道微生物群可发生改变,这更有利于大脑发育和机体代谢活动。研究发表在Immunology and Cell Biology,由Monika Fleshner教授指导进行。


她和她的同事们解释道,我们的肠道微生物数量超过100万亿个,其中许多微生物在我们出生后不久便迅速出现在肠道。它们对我们的免疫系统的发展至关重要。我们的肠道菌群对我们的生理活动的不同方面都有很大的影响作用。 

肠道细菌在机体内形成天然保护屏障,使我们不易出现感染,且使消化酶更好地发挥功能。此外,某些肠道细菌影响特定宿主的基因表达,影响机体营养吸收、新陈代谢和肠道神经系统的发展。

既往研究表明,我们的肠道菌群的种类不同会导致机体免疫力的差异。 

因为肠神经系统,人类的肠道经常被称为第二大脑,与我们的大脑联系密切,甚至导致情感的变化。 

人类是后口动物(后口动物指在胚胎的原肠胚期其原口形成为肛门而与之相对的后口形成嘴部的动物总称),这意味着当我们在母体子宫内发育的时候,我们的肛门首先在胚胎的一边发育,然后嘴才发育。所以,我们的胃肠道系统将肛门和嘴巴密切联系起来,它的功能十分强大,对我们的机体健康至关重要。这一研究的目的旨在探究运动对我们的肠道菌群的影响,研究指出,在幼年时期越早开始运动对机体越好。 

Fleshner教授表示,运动对机体健康的许多方面如代谢和心理等都有影响,但是人们现在才开始重视这些肠道微生物的作用。 研究人员指出,尽管寄居在我们的肠道的微生物的群落不同,但它们的种类和数量容易受机体饮食和睡眠的影响而出现变化。

为了进一步调查在年轻时机体肠道细菌的变化性,研究人员对每天运动的幼鼠进行了探究。结果显示,相比不积极运动的幼鼠而言,这些积极锻炼的幼鼠的微生物种类更加丰富,即使对成年小鼠而言依旧如此。 

Fleshner教授指出,健康的肠道菌群也可促进机体大脑发育,并具有抗抑郁的作用。

尽管他们并不确定人们肠道菌群最易改变的确切年龄,但是他们认为越早调节肠道微生物群越好。 

Agniezka Mika指出,未来的研究将重点关注肠道微生物群对大脑功能的长期影响作用。

原始出处:
Agnieszka Mika and Monika Fleshner,Early life exercise may promote lasting brain and metabolic health through gut bacterial metabolites, Immunology and Cell Biology, 9 Dec,2015

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    2016-10-10 sunylz
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