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超7万国人随访:年轻人抗造?迟早拉清单!越早得MET,心脏病风险越高!<45岁中招可将心梗可能升高超200%!

2022-04-04 LILYMED MedSci原创

Front Endocrinol:代谢综合征发病年龄与心血管疾病的关系:开滦研究

代谢综合征MetS)表明代谢异常的组合,如腹部肥胖、血脂异常、高血糖和高血压,与心血管疾病(CVD)的风险增加有关。据估计,全世界约20%-25%的成年人患有MetS,其发病率和患病率仍在飙升。因此, 它是一项关键的全球公共卫生挑战。据估计,中国作为最大的发展中国家,有4.5亿成年人患有 MetS,并且在 2002 年至 2012 年期间,年轻人中 MetS 的患病率翻了一番。此外,在发达国家,如美国成年人,MetS的患病率从2011年的32.5%上升到2016年的36.9%。这些年来,20-39 岁的年轻人群中的 MetS 患病率显着增加(从 16.2% 21.3% 的速度比老年人快。此外,先前的研究已经证明, 早年暴露于CVD 危险因素比晚年接触更能增加不良后果的风险。

成年男性乌普萨拉纵向研究 ULSAM 研究表明,MetS 年龄较小的个体患 CVD 的相对风险较高,并且随着患病年龄的增加,相对风险降低;然而,其局限性在于未确定 MetS 的发病年龄。此外,最近的研究表明,在 MetS 的组成部分中,在年轻时新发高血压或糖尿病 CVD 风险的相关性更强。迄今为止,不同年龄新发 MetS CVD 风险之间的关系仍然未知。因此,本研究使用开滦研究(注册号:CHICTR-TNRC-11001489)中的数据来探索 MetS 发病年龄与 CVD 之间的关联。

基线特征

这是一项前瞻性研究,共有 72986 名无 MetS CVD 的参与者参加了开滦研究基线调查。参与者的基线特征见表1和表2。在25125名非MetS25125名新发MetS参与者中,81.93%为男性,的平均发病年龄为54.04±11.41岁。参与者按年龄分为以下几组:4510250人,45 - 5416298人,55-6415054人,65岁以上8108人。与非MetS对照组相比,新发MetS的参与者更有可能一直吸烟或一直喝;WCHRSBPDBP、甘油三酯、FPGhs-CRP水平较高,高血压、糖尿病患病率较高,有CVD家族史者较多;然而,HDL-C和教育水平较低(表1)。具有年轻MetS起病的参与者有较高的TGHR水平,并倾向于一直吸烟、喝酒和不运动。CVD家族史比例较高,SBPFPGhs-CRP水平较低,高血压、糖尿病患病率较低,医疗比例较低(表2),组间比较有统计学意义(p <0.05)。

MetS 发病年龄与 CVD 及其亚组的关联

通过中位8.47年的随访,发现 2319 例新发 CVD 病例(451 MI1674 IS283 HS)。CVD 及其亚组的发病密度如图1和图2所示。调整潜在混杂因素后,随着MetS发病年龄的增加,心血管疾病的危害逐渐减弱。与非MetS对照组相比,对于 MetS发病年龄:<45 岁,CVDMI 和中风的 HR 95% CI 分别为 1.84 1.31-2.57)、3.14 1.31-7.50 1.66 1.15-2.39 45-54 岁组为 1.67 1.421.95)、1.44 1.012.06 1.69 1.422.01),1.36 1.181.58)、1.30 0.961.77 1.37 1.171.59 55-64 岁组;≥65 岁组分别为 1.28 1.10-1.50)、1.31 0.93-1.86 1.26 1.06-1.50)。在卒中亚型中,IS的预后趋势与 CVD 相似,而HS则大多无统计学意义。

本研究表明,年轻的新发MetS患者的 CVD 相对风险较高,并且 CVD 的相对风险随着 MetS 诊断年龄的增加而降低。此外,新发 MetS 的年轻人往往会忽视潜在的健康危害,这将在未来几十年增加 CVD 的负担;因此,应采取相关措施及早发现MetS,进行干预,加强管理,降低其CVD风险。

 

原文来源:

Huang Z, et al. Association of Age of Metabolic Syndrome Onset With Cardiovascular Diseases: The Kailuan Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 17;13:857985. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.857985. PMCID: PMC8968729.

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    2023-02-21 zhmscau
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    2023-02-19 一闲
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    2022-04-05 学医无涯

    学习一下

    0

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    2022-04-04 ms5000000951491375

    来过

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