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Nat Cancer :创新性抗癌成果,新型纳米制剂一次治疗诱导系统性免疫用于治愈肿瘤

2020-08-13 BioArt

研究人员开发出一种新型多功能纳米材料,临床前期研究表明,该材料可以一针治愈50平方毫米的黑色素瘤和结肠癌,治愈率达到60-80%。该材料由脂质体构成纳米结构,包裹着可以自我复制的RNA编码IL-12。

2020年8月10日,麻省理工生物工程系教授Ron Weiss,麻省理工材料科学和工程系及生物工程系教授,霍华德休斯医学研究所研究员Darrell J. Irvine,以及俄亥俄州立大学药学院教授董一洲合作(麻省理工生物工程系、Koch综合癌症研究所的李应中博士是该论文的第一作者)在Nature Cancer杂志上发表了文章Multifunctional oncolytic nanoparticles deliver self-replicating IL-12 RNA to eliminate established tumors and prime systemic immunity。研究人员开发出一种新型多功能纳米材料,临床前期研究表明,该材料可以一针治愈50平方毫米的黑色素瘤和结肠癌,治愈率达到60-80%。该材料由脂质体构成纳米结构,包裹着可以自我复制的RNA编码IL-12。

癌症的免疫治疗展示了极大的潜力,但是要激活癌症治疗需要的所有步骤非常困难。研究人员利用该新型材料的同时诱导了癌症细胞的免疫性细胞死亡(immunogenic cell death, ICD),激发了癌症发生部位的炎症反应,成功的激活了内源性的CD8T细胞来清除癌症。

具体而言,该新型材料含由三种关键成分:1)由脂质体来促进ICD;2)自我复制RNA激活TLR3信号通路来激发炎症反应,并且进一步协同脂质体来促进癌症细胞的死亡;3)自我复制RNA编码的IL-12,调节癌症微环境中的免疫细胞,促进抗原提呈细胞提呈由死亡的癌症细胞所释放的癌症抗原,从而诱导内源性抗癌症特异CD8T细胞的激活和分化,进而清除癌症。

临床前期研究数据显示,只需要一次治疗,就可以清除60-90%的黑色素瘤和结肠癌 。对于多发性肿瘤,只需要一次治疗其中较大的肿瘤,就可以成功的治愈其它部位的肿瘤,治愈率接近40% 。对于已经发生肺转移的,也可以非常有效的抑制 。进一步研究表明,CD8 T细胞是治愈肿瘤的关键免因素。CD8 T细胞可以形成长期免疫记忆以防止癌症的复发 。

该项研究显示了多功能纳米材料可以同时激活多个免疫治疗通路,为未来癌症的免疫治疗提供了多种可能。由于该纳米材料易于制剂,极大的提高了转化临床研究和应用的可能。基于该项研究的专利(US Patent 16/739,407)已授权于StrandTherapeutics公司(https://www.strandtx.com)做进一步的临床转化。

原始出处:

Yingzhong Li, Zhijun Su, Weiyu Zhao, et al.Multifunctional oncolytic nanoparticles deliver self-replicating IL-12 RNA to eliminate established tumors and prime systemic immunity.Nature Cancer (2020)Cite this article,Published: 10 August 2020

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    2020-09-06 liye789132251
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    2020-08-13 彭红

    高新技术!赞!

    0

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    2020-08-13 rayms

    患者的**...

    0

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