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Lancet Infect Dis:重组减毒活四价登革热疫苗(DENVax)的安全性和免疫原性

2014-11-14 MedSci译 MedSci原创

背景:登革病毒是威胁公众健康的最严重的蚊媒病毒,目前还没有获批准的登革热疫苗或抗病毒治疗。这种四价的登革热疫苗包含一个分子特征的减毒活登革血清2型病毒 (DENVax-2)和三个表达 DENVax-2基因链中prM和E结构基因的血清1、3、4型重组疫苗病毒。该研究旨在评估四价DENVax的安全性和免疫原性。 方法:研究者于2011.10.11-2011.11.09在哥伦比亚安蒂奥基亚省里奥内格罗开

背景:登革病毒是威胁公众健康的最严重的蚊媒病毒,目前还没有获批准的登革热疫苗或抗病毒治疗。这种四价的登革热疫苗包含一个分子特征的减毒活登革血清2型病毒 (DENVax-2)和三个表达 DENVax-2基因链中prM和E结构基因的血清1、3、4型重组疫苗病毒。该研究旨在评估四价DENVax的安全性和免疫原性。

方法:研究者于2011.10.11-2011.11.09在哥伦比亚安蒂奥基亚省里奥内格罗开展了一项随机、双盲、1期、剂量递增试验。第一批参与者(18-45岁)通过随机区域进行集中随机分配,接受皮下或皮内注射低剂量的DENVax或安慰剂。安全评估后,另一批参与者随机分配接受皮下或皮内注射高剂量的DENVax或安慰剂。药剂师清楚分组情况,参与者、护士和调查人员对分组情况不知情。主要测试指标为注射疫苗28天内注射部位和全身反应的频率和严重程度。次要测试指标为DENVax对四种血清型登革病毒的免疫原性和免疫后由于疫苗四个组成部分产生的病毒血症。对于安全性采用意向性治疗分析法,对于免疫原性采用符合方案集分析法。由于样本量小,没有进行详细的不良事件率的比较。试验注册号:NCT01224639。

结果:96名参与者被随机分到4组:40名参与者(42%)接受低剂量疫苗注射和8名参与者(8%)接受安慰剂;39名参与者(41%)接受高剂量疫苗注射,9名(9%)参与者接受安慰剂。结果显示参与者对不同剂量的疫苗耐受性良好,主要是轻度和短暂的局部或全身性反应。在安慰剂组和疫苗组之间局部和系统的副反应总体发生率没有临床意义的差异。在接受疫苗注射的79名参与者中有68人(86%)出现征集的系统不良事件,接受安慰剂注射的17名参与者中13人(76%)出现征集的系统不良事件。相比之下,疫苗组67名参与者(85%)有征集的局部反应,而安慰剂组只有5人(29%)有征集的局部反应。采用高剂量或低剂量DENVax疫苗免疫对于四种登革病毒血清型都可产生中和抗体反应;第二次给药30天后,给予疫苗的76名参与者中有47人(62%)对于4种血清型病毒产生血清转换,其中73人(96%)对3种以上血清型登革病毒产生血清转换。在低剂量组只有10人(25%)被检测到传染性的DENVax病毒,在高剂量组有13人(33%)被检测到传染性的DENVax病毒。

结论:该研究结果说明这种四价的DENVax疫苗在健康未感染过黄病毒的成年人中具有可接受的耐受性和免疫原性。进一步的临床研究将在不同年龄人群和登革热流行区域进行。

原文出处
Osorio JE, Velez ID, Thomson C, Lopez L, Jimenez A, Haller AA, Silengo S, Scott J, Boroughs KL, Stovall JL, Luy BE, Arguello J, Beatty ME, Santangelo J, Gordon GS, Huang CY, Stinchcomb DT. Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine (DENVax) in flavivirus-naive healthy adults in Colombia: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study. Lancet Infect Dis; 2014 Sep; 14(9):830-8. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70811-4. Epub 2014 Jul 23.

相关报道:Lancet:四价登革热疫苗对亚洲儿童具有良好的保护作用

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    2015-07-06 howi
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