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Nat Neurosci:为什么“天才”与“疯子”只有一线之差?

2015-06-10 佚名 生物谷

Credit: © postsmth / Fotolia 一项新的研究指出,一些与创造力相关的基因同时也会加重患精神分裂与狂躁型忧郁症等疾病的症状。这项研究是由伦敦国王学院心理学、精神学与神经科学研究所的科学家们做出。 之前的研究已经发现了创造力与心理紊乱(比如狂躁型抑郁症)之间的关系。然而这一相关性是否在基因水平上有关联仍不清楚。这项发表在 nature neuroscience 上的文

Credit: © postsmth / Fotolia

一项新的研究指出,一些与创造力相关的基因同时也会加重患精神分裂与狂躁型忧郁症等疾病的症状。这项研究是由伦敦国王学院心理学、精神学与神经科学研究所的科学家们做出。

之前的研究已经发现了创造力与心理紊乱(比如狂躁型抑郁症)之间的关系。然而这一相关性是否在基因水平上有关联仍不清楚。这项发表在 nature neuroscience 上的文章提供了相关证据证明一些人群中与创造力相关的基因同时能够影响精神分裂与狂躁型忧郁症等疾病。

尽管创造力难以用科学方法定义,研究者们认为有创造力的人通常会萌发一些新鲜的想法,这些想法的思维逻辑不同于通常的想法或表达方式。精神分裂与狂躁型忧郁症是思维与精神状态紊乱的表现,也就意味着患该类疾病的人群会表现出思维方式的异常。

长久以来,很多证据认为创造力与精神异常在某些程度上是相似的,比如文森特·梵高。这一类人长期受到心理疾病的困扰。之前的研究发现心理异常,尤其是狂躁型抑郁症,与创造性表现在家族遗传方面具有高度的相关性。然而,这一相关性无法排除是否受到了环境因素或者社会经济状态等因素的影响。

这项研究调查了来自冰岛的86292名参与者,并检测了他们患心理疾病的遗传风险值。其中国家艺术协会的表演者、艺术家、舞蹈家、视觉艺术家以及作家被认为是具有创造力的人群。

研究者们发现心理疾病的遗传风险值在具有创造力的人群中明显高于其它人群。这一发现说明对创造力有影响的遗传因素同时能够对心理疾病的发生产生影响。

该文章的第一作者,Robert Power认为:"我们对大部分心理紊乱疾病的内在因素的了解都十分有限,我们对于创造力与心理疾病在遗传水平上的相关性的研究能够帮助大家了解思维过程的转变有可能会导致心理疾病的发生。"

原始出处:

Power RA1, Steinberg S2, Bjornsdottir G2, Rietveld CA3, Abdellaoui A4, Nivard MM4, Johannesson M5, Galesloot TE6, Hottenga JJ4, Willemsen G4, Cesarini D7, Benjamin DJ8, Magnusson PK9, Ullén F10, Tiemeier H11, Hofman A11, van Rooij FJ11, Walters GB2, Sigurdsson E12, Thorgeirsson TE2, Ingason A2, Helgason A13, Kong A2, Kiemeney LA6, Koellinger P14, Boomsma DI4, Gudbjartsson D2, Stefansson H2, Stefansson K13.Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder predict creativity.Nat Neurosci. 2015 Jun 8. doi: 10.1038/nn.4040. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-10-31 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880691, encodeId=ca4118806913f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 31 21:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=29567, encodeId=b5082956e7a, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Fri Jun 26 12:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364036, encodeId=10ae13640366b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 06:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27013, encodeId=69fc2e013fe, content=好像没有实质性的内容, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=196, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=efcb1614039, createdName=qinweihan19, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 15:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26974, encodeId=e429269e448, content=说了半天,哪个基因?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26925, encodeId=26562692565, content=?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2332296, createdName=qiaoyingli, createdTime=Wed Jun 10 18:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-26 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880691, encodeId=ca4118806913f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 31 21:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=29567, encodeId=b5082956e7a, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Fri Jun 26 12:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364036, encodeId=10ae13640366b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 06:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27013, encodeId=69fc2e013fe, content=好像没有实质性的内容, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=196, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=efcb1614039, createdName=qinweihan19, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 15:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26974, encodeId=e429269e448, content=说了半天,哪个基因?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26925, encodeId=26562692565, content=?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2332296, createdName=qiaoyingli, createdTime=Wed Jun 10 18:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-12 lsndxfj
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880691, encodeId=ca4118806913f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 31 21:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=29567, encodeId=b5082956e7a, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=190, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Fri Jun 26 12:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364036, encodeId=10ae13640366b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 06:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27013, encodeId=69fc2e013fe, content=好像没有实质性的内容, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=196, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=efcb1614039, createdName=qinweihan19, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 15:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26974, encodeId=e429269e448, content=说了半天,哪个基因?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=158, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26925, encodeId=26562692565, content=?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2332296, createdName=qiaoyingli, createdTime=Wed Jun 10 18:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-11 qinweihan19

    好像没有实质性的内容

    0

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    2015-06-11 sumer

    说了半天,哪个基因?

    0

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    2015-06-10 qiaoyingli

    0

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我们几乎每天都会有感到无聊的时候,我们也恨不得无聊立即消失。我们有多讨厌无聊?从下面这个实验可以窥见一斑:把一组被试关在一个房间里,里面除了一个按钮什么也没有,按下去会给自己来一记不大不小的电击。很多人最终都忍不住给了自己一下子。毕竟,这是可以消除无聊的唯一方法。无聊,不“无聊”如果你告诉别人你在研究无聊,大家多半会说:啊!你这么无聊啊!他们可能觉得无聊没有什么好研究的。然而事实远非如此,无聊对我

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