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Saudi J Anaesthesia:警惕!气管插管后可能出现皮下气肿!

2019-05-08 风清扬 医博士

患者57岁,女性,身高150cm,50kg。全麻下接受腰椎间盘切除术。在用异丙酚和罗库溴铵诱导麻醉后,进行气管插管,较为顺利。麻醉维持采用七氟烷(FiO2=0.5)。术中未见不良事件发生,手术结束时患者可自主呼吸,取出气管插管。插管到拔管的时间为75min。

病例介绍

患者57岁,女性,身高150cm,50kg。全麻下接受腰椎间盘切除术。在用异丙酚和罗库溴铵诱导麻醉后,进行气管插管,较为顺利。麻醉维持采用七氟烷(FiO2=0.5)。术中未见不良事件发生,手术结束时患者可自主呼吸,取出气管插管。插管到拔管的时间为75min。

转至普通病房8小时后,患者脸、脖子和上胸逐渐肿胀,伴有轻度呼吸窘迫。诊断为皮下气肿。随后将患者转入ICU,CT扫描证实了皮下气肿的诊断,气管周围上纵隔有空气,无气胸迹象(图1)。胸部CT没有发现任何明显的气管损伤迹象(图2)。


图1:CT显示皮下气肿


图2:CT显示气管完整

患者病情稳定,给予吸氧,接下来几天,通过保守治疗,患者症状逐渐减轻。

讨论

皮下气肿的原因有很多,可分为机械因素,包括插管期间的创伤、袖套过度充气与剧烈咳嗽等,以及解剖因素。最常见的两个原因是袖套过度充气和气管的突然移动,因为由气管本身引起的直接撕裂是罕见的。本病例中,患者气管插管顺利,可排除气管导管造成的损伤。患者在俯卧位进行脊柱手术,这样由于从插管到拔管的两个位置变化,头颈部突然运动造成的损伤不能被排除。

本病例中,术后8小时观察到皮下气肿,保守治疗后好转。纤维支气管镜检查是确诊和检查病变部位最佳方法。而由于CT胸片显示气管损伤为阴性,所以支气管镜检查可以明确诊断。综上,本案例中患者出现皮下气肿可能是由于气管插管过度充气,且患者突然改变体位。

原始出处:

Ghosh I , Behera P , Das B , et al. Subcutaneous emphysema after endotracheal intubation: A case report.[J]. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 2018, 12(2):348-349.

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    2019-05-28 AspirantSuo
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    2019-09-09 654378501

    有没有更详细解释

    0

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    2019-05-12 SCI我的梦

    没看明白

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051377, encodeId=f2c820513e745, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Tue Mar 10 22:11:00 CST 2020, time=2020-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1633517, encodeId=0661163351e77, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=377824e1c0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ANA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2471, encryptionId=377824e1c0, topicName=ANA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=434d22047430, createdName=AspirantSuo, createdTime=Tue May 28 13:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032672, encodeId=e38c20326e214, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eefce192928' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮下气肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71929, encryptionId=eefce192928, topicName=皮下气肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Wed Dec 04 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372491, encodeId=dca83e2491fa, content=有没有更详细解释, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fb22997131, createdName=654378501, createdTime=Mon Sep 09 11:38:23 CST 2019, time=2019-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366129, encodeId=04f5366129cc, content=没看明白, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqYPFHuMA3bhYQrHvycmum7IJoCsLK0FP6X56Eoj9PZAECDke8zLCKxZZvk9q7B6rZmPuFgN5YCfw/132, createdBy=f52d2514454, createdName=SCI我的梦, createdTime=Sun May 12 18:40:12 CST 2019, time=2019-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472370, encodeId=287a14e23707e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ea863841a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#气管插管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63841, encryptionId=4ea863841a9, topicName=气管插管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb5b7213173, createdName=yangfl08, createdTime=Thu May 09 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588369, encodeId=0099158836967, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Thu May 09 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051377, encodeId=f2c820513e745, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Tue Mar 10 22:11:00 CST 2020, time=2020-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1633517, encodeId=0661163351e77, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=377824e1c0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ANA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2471, encryptionId=377824e1c0, topicName=ANA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=434d22047430, createdName=AspirantSuo, createdTime=Tue May 28 13:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032672, encodeId=e38c20326e214, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eefce192928' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮下气肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71929, encryptionId=eefce192928, topicName=皮下气肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Wed Dec 04 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372491, encodeId=dca83e2491fa, content=有没有更详细解释, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fb22997131, createdName=654378501, createdTime=Mon Sep 09 11:38:23 CST 2019, time=2019-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=366129, encodeId=04f5366129cc, content=没看明白, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqYPFHuMA3bhYQrHvycmum7IJoCsLK0FP6X56Eoj9PZAECDke8zLCKxZZvk9q7B6rZmPuFgN5YCfw/132, createdBy=f52d2514454, createdName=SCI我的梦, createdTime=Sun May 12 18:40:12 CST 2019, time=2019-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472370, encodeId=287a14e23707e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ea863841a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#气管插管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63841, encryptionId=4ea863841a9, topicName=气管插管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb5b7213173, createdName=yangfl08, createdTime=Thu May 09 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588369, encodeId=0099158836967, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Thu May 09 23:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-05-09 skhzy

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