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盘点:2018年3月3日Lancet研究精选

2018-03-02 zhangfan MedSci原创

2018年3月3日Lancet研究精选



【1】度鲁特韦联合利匹韦林治疗HIV临床疗效显著


2种药物的联合应用可降低HIV抗病毒治疗的累积药物剂量和毒性。近日研究人员公布了整合酶抑制剂度鲁特韦联合非核苷逆转录抑制剂利匹韦林的III期研究结果。

研究在12个国家开展,考察50mg度鲁特韦联合25mg利匹韦林与现有CAR相比的疗效差异。18岁以上,接受第1-2代抗病毒治疗后血浆HIV1 RNA稳定6个月以上的患者参与。研究的主要终点是治疗48周后,病毒当量低于50拷贝的患者比例。

516名患者接受度鲁特韦联合利匹韦林,512人接受现有治疗方法。48周后,各组主要终点达标率均超过95%,其中联合治疗组486人,现有疗法组485人,组间差异-0.2%,达到非劣性终点。联合治疗组77%的患者以及现有对照治疗组71%的患者报告了不良事件,最常见的不良事件为鼻咽炎。接受鲁特韦联合利匹韦林治疗的患者因不良事件导致的试验退出率较高(3% vs<1%)。

【2】急性脑缺血的抗血小板治疗中,强化抗血小板疗法效果不优于标准疗法


预防急性脑缺血患者复发的标准治疗方案相比,使用三种药物的强化抗血小板治疗可能更为有效。近日研究人员比较了强化抗血小板治疗(阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和双嘧达莫)与基于指南的抗血小板治疗对预防急性脑缺血复发的疗效和安全性。

缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作48小时内患者参与研究,随机接受30天的强化抗血小板治疗 (75 mg阿司匹林,75 mg氯吡格雷以及200mg双嘧达莫,每天2次)或基于指南的抗血小板治疗(包括氯吡格雷单独或联合阿司匹林或双嘧达莫)。研究的主要终点是90天内任何卒中复发事件。

3096名患者参与研究,其中强化治疗组1556人,标准治疗组1540人。研究发现组间中风复发事件以及严重程度无显著差异 (93 [6%] 例 vs 105 [7%]例;OR 0.90),相反强化治疗导致的出血事件频发且更为严重 (OR 2.54)。

研究发现,对于新发脑缺血患者,三联抗血小板强化治疗不能降低中风复发风险,反而导致出血事件的频率和严重程度增加。常规临床中不应采用三联抗血小板治疗。

【3】网片修复用于直径1-4cm小脐疝效果优于缝合修复


脐疝的治疗方式有网片修补和缝合修复,但对于直径1-4cm的小脐疝目前尚缺少治疗的标准方法。近日研究人员对比了网片修复和缝合修复对降低小脐疝的复发率的效果。

年满18岁的直径1-4cm的原发性脐疝患者随机接受网片修复或缝合修复,并按脐疝大小分层(1-2cm或>2-4cm)。术后2周、3个月、12个月以及24-30个月对患者进行体检。主要评估指标是随访24个月后脐疝的复发率。

300位患者参与研究,两组各150位。中位随访时间25.1个月。在最长随访30个月后,补片组脐疝复发病例少于缝合修复组(6/146[4%] vs 17/138[12%];2年复发率 3.6% vs 11.4%,危险比0.31)。最常见的并发症有皮下积液、血肿和伤口感染。无麻醉并发症或术后死亡。

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    2018-12-15 howi
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1829513, encodeId=0db7182951382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Dec 15 21:21:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292957, encodeId=9a3a29295e3b, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRvXibqmSnIhCPfv6TC77I4LWA1hAGOD2ic7T2sW1LhKZ87dBuDgZoIvxbiagyTmcTx0SibK286oaxmrT/0, createdBy=37161991409, createdName=1e1a6940m50(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 04 16:16:42 CST 2018, time=2018-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292553, encodeId=6a0329255368, content=学习.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Sat Mar 03 09:29:01 CST 2018, time=2018-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292329, encodeId=5754292329df, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3da1990174, createdName=yfjms, createdTime=Fri Mar 02 17:23:39 CST 2018, time=2018-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292302, encodeId=5509292302a3, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Fri Mar 02 15:16:18 CST 2018, time=2018-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-04 1e1a6940m50(暂无匿称)

    谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-03-03 惠映实验室

    学习.谢谢分享.

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1829513, encodeId=0db7182951382, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat Dec 15 21:21:00 CST 2018, time=2018-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292957, encodeId=9a3a29295e3b, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRvXibqmSnIhCPfv6TC77I4LWA1hAGOD2ic7T2sW1LhKZ87dBuDgZoIvxbiagyTmcTx0SibK286oaxmrT/0, createdBy=37161991409, createdName=1e1a6940m50(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Mar 04 16:16:42 CST 2018, time=2018-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292553, encodeId=6a0329255368, content=学习.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Sat Mar 03 09:29:01 CST 2018, time=2018-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292329, encodeId=5754292329df, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3da1990174, createdName=yfjms, createdTime=Fri Mar 02 17:23:39 CST 2018, time=2018-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=292302, encodeId=5509292302a3, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Fri Mar 02 15:16:18 CST 2018, time=2018-03-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-02 yfjms

    学习

    0

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    2018-03-02 sunfeifeiyang

    0

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