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靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤

2019-11-22 王瑞 粟倩雅 董正邦 临床皮肤科杂志

患者2d前右臀部外侧单发紫红色斑片,无瘙痒、疼痛、破溃及渗出。为明确诊治,于2018年1月23日来我科就诊。既往史及家族史:既往体健,家族中无类似疾病患者。

患者女,21岁。

主诉:右臀部紫红色斑片2d。

现病史:患者2d前右臀部外侧单发紫红色斑片,无瘙痒、疼痛、破溃及渗出。为明确诊治,于2018年1月23日来我科就诊。既往史及家族史:既往体健,家族中无类似疾病患者。

体格检查:一般情况良好,各系统检查均正常。

皮肤科检查:右臀部外侧一直径约1.5cm紫红色斑片,中央可触及凸起,呈蓝黑色,周围可见紫红色晕(图1)。皮肤镜检查:皮损中心呈蓝黑色,可见群集性分布不规则的蓝黑色腔隙,外周伴有紫红色淤血晕(图2)。

皮损组织病理检查:表皮萎缩,真皮浅层可见薄壁血管增生,管腔充血性扩张,部分内皮细胞似鞋钉样突向管腔,真皮中层可见红细胞渗出(图3)。

诊断:靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤(THH)。

治疗:予手术完整切除,目前仍在随访中。



右臀部外侧一紫红色斑片,中央可触及凸起,呈蓝黑色,周围可见紫红色晕图1靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤患者右臀部皮损



皮损中心呈蓝黑色,可见群集性分布不规则的蓝黑色腔隙,外周伴紫红色淤血晕图2靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤患者右臀部皮损皮肤镜像



A、B:表皮萎缩,真皮浅层可见薄壁血管增生,管腔充血性扩张,部分内皮细胞似鞋钉样突向管腔,真皮中层可见红细胞渗出(A:×40;B:×100)图3靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤患者右臀部皮损组织病理像(HE染色)

简介:THH又称鞋钉样血管瘤,是一种皮肤血管的良性肿瘤。本病罕见,由SantaCruze和Aronburg[1]于1988年首先报告。THH病因不明,婴儿罕见,男女患病率无显著性差异,常发生于躯干和四肢。本病最具特征性的临床表现是靶样皮损,初期表现为一孤立的红色、紫色或紫蓝色小丘疹,后丘疹增大隆起形成结节或斑块,通常直径<2cm,可由紫色变为黑紫色,其周围出现瘀血斑,瘀血斑不断向外周扩散的同时,近丘疹处的紫斑逐渐变淡,从而呈现由3种颜色组成的典型的靶样损害。最终瘀血斑可完全消退,遗留中央的丘疹[2]。本病诊断主要依靠组织病理检查。THH组织病理表现为表皮基本正常,真皮浅层血管不规则扩张,内皮细胞肿胀,似鞋钉样突向管腔,真皮浅中层血管周围淋巴细胞浸润,有少许含铁血黄素沉积[2]。刘海军等[3]提出皮肤镜和反射式共聚焦激光扫描显微镜这2种无创的新型诊断技术可减少THH在临床上的盲目活检率,并可有效指导手术切除范围及选择恰当的治疗方法。本病临床上易与色素痣及硬化性血管瘤混淆;组织病理上与斑片期及淋巴管瘤样的Kaposi肉瘤及网状血管内皮瘤较难鉴别。本病治疗首选手术切除,如皮损浅表且较小,也可予冷冻、激光或电凝治疗。本例患者经手术切除后,随访至今未见复发。

参考文献略。

原始出处:

王瑞,粟倩雅,董正邦,王飞等,靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤[J],临床皮肤科杂志,2019,48(10):594-597.

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