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AJG:将支链氨基酸添加到患者的治疗中可改善存在肌肉减少症肝硬化患者的肌肉质量

2021-11-08 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

支链氨基酸(BCAAs)是身体必须的氨基酸(我们的身体不能自行产生这种氨基酸),含有脂肪族侧链。 一共有三种类型的支链氨基酸:亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸。

       肌肉质量与体积的减少是肌肉减少症的主要内容,他代表了一种营养不良。在慢性肝病患者中这样的现象尤为严重,发病率高达22%–62%。此外,所有危及生命的肝硬化并发症包括腹水、自发性细菌性腹膜炎、肝性脑病和肝性肾病都受肌肉减少症的影响。肝硬化患者的肌肉减少症是由多种因素引起,包括饮食摄入不足,吸收不良,改变大量营养素和微量营养素新陈代谢和低体力活动等等。改善肝硬化患者肌肉质量的策略包括营养支持和增加体力活动。饮食方案中的支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 是一组包含3种必需氨基酸(缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸)的高质量氨基酸,这些氨基酸成分占了骨骼肌中必需氨基酸的35%。在肝硬化患者中,BCAA 不仅是一种蛋白质合成和氨解毒的底物,但也是骨骼肌的能量来源。因此,本项研究旨在探究支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 补充剂是否可以改善肝硬化和肌肉减少症患者肌肉质量。

 

       这是一项前瞻性、随机双盲对照研究,研究人员对32名通过计算机断层扫描诊断出的肝硬化和肌肉减少症患者进行了12周的营养和体育活动干预。他们被随机分为2组(安慰剂组:17 名患者;BCAA干预组:15 名患者)。BCAA组接受的饮食干预中每100克含有 15 克蛋白质、8.5 克脂肪、68 克碳水化合物,支链氨基酸(2.61 克亮氨酸、1.01 克异亮氨酸和 1.62 克缬氨酸),以及额外的维生素和矿物质(包括锌)。而安慰机组的饮食成分中每100 克安慰剂组患者服用的小袋含有麦芽糊精 99.63%、β-胡萝卜素着色剂 1% 0.05%、阿斯巴甜甜味剂 0.07%,香草香味 0.25%。所有患者都接受了个性化的饮食和体育锻炼的指导。

 

       研究结果显示两组的基线特征相似。治疗后,只有 BCAA 组的肌肉质量有显着改善(43.7 vs 46 cm2/m2;P=0.023)。17 名患者 (63%) 的肌肉质量总体有所改善,这在 BCAA 组中更为常见(83.3 VS 46.7%;P=0.056)。关于虚弱的评估结果显示,12周后BCAA组的的肝虚弱指数显着改善(4.2 VS 3.9;P < 0.001)。治疗后,BCAA 组的锌水平增加幅度高于安慰剂组(Δ锌:12.3 VS 5.5;P = 0.026)。此外,BCAA 组的白蛋白水平有更大改善的趋势(Δ白蛋白:0.19 VS 0.04;P=0.091)。

 

      本项研究通过大样本的前瞻性研究证实肌肉减少症和身体虚弱可能对肝硬化患者的发病率和死亡率有着重要影响。BCAA 补充剂可改善肌肉减少症肝硬化患者的肌肉质量,同时这些患者也需要进行更为合适的体育锻炼改善疾病预后。

 

 

原始出处:

Hernández-Conde. Et al. Adding Branched-Chain Amino Acids to an Enhanced Standard-of-Care Treatment Improves Muscle Mass of Cirrhotic Patients With Sarcopenia: A Placebo-Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Gastroenterology.2021.

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    2022-05-09 minzju5052
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    2021-11-09 查查佳佳

    项研究旨在评估晚期肝纤维化非酒精

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