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Sci Transl Med:瘫痪病人可轻轻移动舌头来控制轮椅

2013-12-05 EurekAlert EurekAlert

研究人员研发出了一种无线、辅助性装置,该装置能让瘫痪病人只需简单地将他们的舌头朝希望的方向移动来操作轮椅。这项技术可改变四肢瘫痪者的生活,四肢瘫痪是一种引起从颈部向下完全瘫痪的情况。罹患这种疾病的人无法使用操纵杆,而这是最常见的轮椅控制器。此外,他们常常声音微弱,这使得应用像Siri这样的语音识别系统变得困难。但事实证明这些人中的大多数仍然可以移动他们的舌头。由Jeonghee Kim及其同事研发

研究人员研发出了一种无线、辅助性装置,该装置能让瘫痪病人只需简单地将他们的舌头朝希望的方向移动来操作轮椅。这项技术可改变四肢瘫痪者的生活,四肢瘫痪是一种引起从颈部向下完全瘫痪的情况。罹患这种疾病的人无法使用操纵杆,而这是最常见的轮椅控制器。此外,他们常常声音微弱,这使得应用像Siri这样的语音识别系统变得困难。但事实证明这些人中的大多数仍然可以移动他们的舌头。由Jeonghee Kim及其同事研发的舌驱动系统(TDS)是由一个小型、磁性的钛质杠铃组成的,它是通过舌穿孔附着在使用者的舌上的。当使用者轻拨该磁性杠铃时,他们口腔周围的磁场会改变。磁场的改变会被一个头戴式耳机上的4个小型的传感器所感知,而后者可将信息以无线方式转送给使用者携带的一个iPod。该iPod可探测到使用者舌头发出的指令并将其发送给诸如电动轮椅甚或一台电脑等目标装置;在电脑上,使用者只需移动他们的舌头就能移动一个光标。

研究人员在23名健全的实验参与者及11名罹患四肢瘫痪的参与者身上测试了这种技术。所有参与者都进行了定制的钛质杠铃的穿舌(一小批健全参与者已经有过穿舌,他们只需将其现有的穿舌饰品换成该磁性杠铃即可)。经过30分钟不到的训练,所有33名参与者都能用TDS来完成各种作业,且他们的表现在随后的几个星期中得到改善。参与者们可点击在某笔记本电脑屏幕上随机出现的目标、玩视频游戏、拨电话号码并驱动一个电动轮椅通过一个设障道,他们除了动他们的舌头之外不用别的任何东西。研究人员还将TDS与一个流行的辅助性技术进行了比较,该技术被称作吸取与喷吐(sip-and-puff)装置;在这个装置中病人通过在一个吸管样的管子内进行吸与吐来操作一个轮椅。在这个临床试验之前,这些残障的参与者中有超过一半的人每日都使用该吸取与喷吐装置。平均而言,与使用吸取与喷吐装置相比,这些参与者用TDS完成作业的速度要快3倍(具有同等的精确度)。文章的作者正在研发一种无需头戴式耳机的TDS版本,它像一个正畸保持器那样适合于放在口腔内。

原文出处

Kim J, Park H, Bruce J, Sutton E, Rowles D, Pucci D, Holbrook J, Minocha J, Nardone B, West D, Laumann A, Roth E, Jones M, Veledar E, Ghovanloo M.The tongue enables computer and wheelchair control for people with spinal cord injury.Sci Transl Med. 2013 Nov 27

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    2014-10-16 智智灵药
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    2014-08-09 zhaojie88
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