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Cell Immunity: 感染微生物的大小影响了嗜中性粒细胞反应的强弱

2017-03-20 Leo.C MedSci原创

原来,在细胞内吞小尺寸的微生物时,产生活性自由基的氧化酶(NADPH oxidase)聚集在细胞内的内吞体(phagesome)上, 而当细胞内吞尺寸大的微生物时这些氧化酶就聚集在细胞的外膜上。这一产生活性自由基的氧化酶的定位的不同,造成了活性自由基定位的不同,从而产生了其根据微生物尺寸的不同抑制或者放大产生细胞激素IL1beta的不同功能,因此影响嗜中性粒细胞聚集

嗜中性粒细胞(neutrophil)进入感染区域是清除微生物感染的一个重要环节。进入感染区域的嗜中性粒细胞的数量必须得到严格控制从而才能保证有效的清除感染的微生物又不引起过度的免疫反应。如何调控这一平衡,选择适当的嗜中性粒细胞数,相关的机理还不是研究的非常透彻。

在最新上线的Cell Immunity杂志上,Annika Warnatsch及其同事发现感染区域的微生物的大小和产生的活性氧自由基(Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS)有关,从而调节嗜中性粒细胞在感染区域的数量。

多项报导已经表明嗜中性粒细胞进入感染区域受到细胞激素IL1beta的影响。研究组通过运用大小不同的微生物感染实验发现,尺寸小的微生物能够引起少量的细胞内部的活性氧自由基产生,而这种细胞内部的活性自由基能够抑制细胞激素IL1beta的产生和细胞外释放。实验组运用基因编辑老鼠,敲除掉形成细胞内活性自由基所必须的CYDD基因,发现微生物感染后有更多的细胞激素IL1beta形成和释放从而造成过多的嗜中性粒细胞迁移和积累。

相对应的,当用尺寸大一点的微生物感染时,发现有大量的活性自由基在细胞外产生伴随着大量的细胞激素IL1beta的产生和释放。原来,在细胞内吞小尺寸的微生物时,产生活性自由基的氧化酶(NADPH oxidase)聚集在细胞内的内吞体(phagesome)上, 而当细胞内吞尺寸大的微生物时这些氧化酶就聚集在细胞的外膜上。这一产生活性自由基的氧化酶的定位的不同,造成了活性自由基定位的不同,从而产生了其根据微生物尺寸的不同抑制或者放大产生细胞激素IL1beta的不同功能,因此影响嗜中性粒细胞聚集。

原始出处:
Annika Warnatsch, Theodora-Dorita Tsourouktsoglou, Nora Branzk et al. Reactive Oxygen Species Localization Programs Inflammation to Clear Microbes of Different Size. Cell Immunity. Available online 14 March 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.02.013.

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    2017-08-29 维他命
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    2017-03-20 Albert Wu

    多项报导已经表明嗜中性粒细胞进入感染区域受到细胞激素IL1beta的影响

    0

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