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我国科研人员发现可延缓衰老的新型“基因疗法”

2021-01-09 魏梦佳 新华社

人类基因组中有多少衰老调控基因?其参与衰老调控的分子机制是什么?能否在分子层面“操控”这些基因以延缓机体衰老?我国科研人员的一项最新成果对这些衰老领域的重要问题给出新的见解。

人类基因组中有多少衰老调控基因?其参与衰老调控的分子机制是什么?能否在分子层面“操控”这些基因以延缓机体衰老?我国科研人员的一项最新成果对这些衰老领域的重要问题给出新的见解。

由中国科学院动物研究所刘光慧课题组、曲静课题组,中国科学院北京基因组研究所张维绮课题组及北京大学汤富酬课题组组成的研究团队,历经6年多努力,首次利用全基因组CRISPR/Cas9筛选技术鉴定出新的衰老调控基因,并开发出新型“基因疗法”,为延缓衰老、防治衰老相关疾病提供了重要的干预靶标与新型策略。这项成果7日在权威期刊《科学·转化医学》上在线发表。

细胞衰老是器官及个体衰老的基础,其过程受遗传和环境等多种复杂因素影响。长期以来,科学界对调控衰老的具体分子机制尚不明确,对衰老调控基因干预个体衰老进程的基因靶向操控手段也缺乏系统研究。

中国科学院北京基因组研究所研究员张维绮介绍,研究团队通过鉴定百余个新的人类细胞衰老促进基因,并对排名前50的基因进行功能验证,证实了敲除这些基因可延缓人体间充质干细胞的衰老。其中,组蛋白乙酰转移酶的编码基因KAT7是排名最高的候选基因。研究发现,KAT7在生理性和病理性衰老的人体间充质干细胞中均上调表达,敲除KAT7可有效延缓细胞衰老,而过表达KAT7则会促进细胞衰老。

研究发现,通过静脉注射靶向敲除KAT7的慢病毒载体,可减少衰老小鼠肝脏中衰老细胞的比例,改善小鼠健康状态,延长生理性衰老小鼠和早衰症小鼠的寿命。结果表明,基于单因子失活的“基因疗法”有望实现延长哺乳动物的寿命。

此外,研究还发现,敲除KAT7或利用KAT7抑制剂均可延缓人肝细胞衰老,并导致衰老相关炎症因子的表达和分泌水平降低,提示此干预手段在人类衰老转化医学中的潜在应用价值。

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    2021-01-10 zb1235672
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    2021-01-10 ms3000001264084725

    太棒了,学习了

    0

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