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AP&T: 唾液微生物群组成可能区分嗜酸性食管炎(EoE)患者和非EoE患者

2022-07-12 xuyihan MedSci原创

嗜酸细胞性食管炎是一种以嗜酸性粒细胞浸润为主要特征的慢性食管炎症。主要临床表现为吞咽梗阻、食物嵌顿及反流样症状等。

嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎 (EoE) 是一种过敏原/免疫介导的疾病,其特征是在没有继发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症的情况下出现食管功能障碍和食管黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的症状。在过去十年中,患病率(每1000人0.5-1 例)和发病率(每年每100000人5-10 例)显着增加,现在被认为是儿童和年轻人吞咽困难的最重要原因之一。诊断基于提示性临床特征(例如吞咽困难和/或团块嵌塞)、嗜酸性粒细胞炎症的存在(在多个食管活检中的至少一个中,每个高倍视野 [eos/HPF] ≥15个嗜酸性粒细胞)和排除其他嗜酸性粒细胞增多的原因。EoE 影响男性多于女性 (3:1),诊断时成人的平均年龄为30至50岁,儿童为5至10岁。

环境因素,包括空气和消化道过敏原,以及早期生活状况(剖腹产、抗生素的使用、早产)似乎在导致 EoE 中起主要作用,并表明微生物群的改变可能发挥作用在 EoE 发病机制中,初步研究表明,活跃的 EoE 与食道微生物组中嗜血杆菌、奈瑟氏菌和棒状杆菌的增加有关,相反,不活跃的 EoE 患者和健康对照以革兰氏阳性(尤其是链球菌)细菌为主。

鉴于对 EoE 中唾液、食管和胃微生物组特征及其与疾病进展的相关性的了解有限,本项研究旨在前瞻性收集和表征活动和非活动 EoE 患者的唾液、胃和食道微生物组,并将其关联起来。

研究人员将接受上消化道内镜检查的有食管功能障碍症状的成年患者纳入本项研究。如果每个高倍视野中超过15个嗜酸性粒细胞,则患者被归类为 EoE患者,如果没有嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,则患者被归类为非EoE 对照。在内窥镜检查之前和期间,收集唾液、食道和胃底活检。通过 16s rRNA 分析进行微生物群评估。实施稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析 (sPLS-DA) 来识别生物标志物。

研究结果显示从29名EoE患者和20名非EoE对照中收集唾液样本中23个扩增子序列变体 (ASV) 与 EoE 呈正相关,27 个 ASV 与对照呈正相关,因此可以区分 EoE 和非 EoE 患者,分类错误 (CE) 为 24%。在一个验证队列中,该模型的准确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为78.6%、80%、75%、80%和60%。此外,对食道微生物群样本的分析观察到一种清晰的微生物模式,能够区分活跃和非活跃的 EoE (CE = 8%)。

本项研究的初步数据表明,唾液元二维分析与机器学习方法相结合可以成为一种有效、廉价、非侵入性的测试,用于区分 EoE 和非 EoE 患者。

原始出处:

Sonia Facchin. Et al. Salivary microbiota composition may discriminate between patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) and non-EoE subjects. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2022.

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    2022-07-16 清漩

    学习

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    2022-07-13 zhouqu_8
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    2022-07-13 liubm562

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