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Medscape:血压治疗指标不一定适用于感染性休克

2014-04-25 佚名 dxy

在医学院里学习了自动调节曲线确定血压(BP)和器官灌注的关系。血压是不固定的,其与阻力有关,而阻力与血管的直径有关。 在一定范围内的血压,器官灌注量是足够的。而该范围随器官和病人的因素而变化,例如年龄和合并症。当血管收缩使血压升高超过该范围,血流的阻力增加(由于直径的减小),器官灌注量无法保持。同样的,当血管舒张使血压下降超过该范围时,血流的驱动压力下降,器官的灌注量再次受损。 重症医学会的《

在医学院里学习了自动调节曲线确定血压(BP)和器官灌注的关系。血压是不固定的,其与阻力有关,而阻力与血管的直径有关。

在一定范围内的血压,器官灌注量是足够的。而该范围随器官和病人的因素而变化,例如年龄和合并症。当血管收缩使血压升高超过该范围,血流的阻力增加(由于直径的减小),器官灌注量无法保持。同样的,当血管舒张使血压下降超过该范围时,血流的驱动压力下降,器官的灌注量再次受损。

重症医学会的《拯救脓毒症患者》指南被称为败血症治疗的圣经。指南中建议复苏过程的目标血压范围为平均动脉压大于65mmHg。

该指南承认对所有患者和所有器官都通用的目标是不存在的。个体化的目标是理想状态,但除了器官低灌注时的广泛或组织特异性标志物外,没有其他可以指导临床治疗的内容。

感染性休克患者平均动脉压(MAP)目标比较

2014年3月18日,NEJM上在线发表了一项比较感染性休克患者目标MAP的随机对照试验。MAP为65-70mmHg为低血压组,80-85mmHg为高血压组。

有慢性高血压病史患者被分入一个亚组进行单独分析。主要的终点事件为28天时的死亡率。各组患者无显著性差异。但有几个重要的发现。

首先,研究人员花费大量的时间使两组患者达到其指定的目标血压范围。其次,高目标组的患者可能经历房颤,并获得更多的总儿茶酚胺。最后,有慢性高血压的高目标组患者不大可能发生血浆血清肌酐翻倍,不太可能需要肾脏替代治疗。

该研究存在的不足

从上述研究结果中学到了什么?即使是事先设计的,医生并没有让患者的MAP下降至65mmHg。这可能是由于根深蒂固的思维,或它可能只反映血压不稳,难以维持在5mmHg范围内。临床上房颤和肾脏替代治疗都是应该力求避免的重要终点事件。

如果作者能提供儿茶酚胺剂量和心房颤动的数据,那就更好了。特定剂量时心率是否增加?加入肾上腺素还是去甲肾上腺素时更常见?如果知道这些问题的答案,也许能够将有高血压病史患者的MAP定在80mmHg,同时尽量减少诱发房颤的风险。

原始链接

Aaron B. Holley, MD.Lower Blood Pressure in Sepsis?April 16, 2014

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    2014-11-10 smlt2008
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    2015-02-28 feather89
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    2014-04-27 zhaojie88
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