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有望“取代男性结扎术”的避孕凝胶通过猴子试验

2017-02-13 佚名 生物探索

尽管传统上都是为女性提供各种各样的避孕药具,不过近年来科研界开始研发男性避孕药。最新研究显示:一种可以阻止精子流动的新型男性避孕凝胶在猴子试验中取得成功,该技术有望替代输精管结扎术。



避孕凝胶猴子临床试验成功

根据美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)的最新统计,几乎一半的怀孕是意外发生的。尽管传统上都是为女性提供各种各样的避孕药具,不过近年来科研界开始研发男性避孕药。

美国医疗研究机构帕萨默斯基金会(Parsemus Foundattion)研发出的一种非激素类避孕凝胶vasalgel,注入男性体内后可有效阻隔精子,达到避孕目的。

Vasalgel是一种大分子量聚合物,可以作为一种潜在的可逆性替代输精管切除术的避孕手段。2016年初,该产品在兔子身上测试成功,并展开了猴子临床试验。

近日,《基础和临床男科学》(Basic and Clinical Andrology.)杂志报道了最新的研究进展:vasalgel在猴子试验中取得成功,或可成为一种男性用长效避孕药,有望替代输精管结扎术。

在该项新试验中,美国加利福尼亚大学(University of California)、加利福尼亚国家灵长类动物研究中心(CNPRC)的Catherine VandeVoort博士带领一组研究人员,在灵长类动物猴子身上进行了该药物的测试工作。


加州一家儿童医院在给猴子做实验(图片来源:美联社)

Vasalgel在猴子身上的避孕效果如何?

在这项研究中,VandeVoort博士选择了定居在加利福尼亚国家灵长类动物研究中心(CNPRC)的16只成年雄性恒河猴(10只已经有子嗣)作为试验组,另外16只年纪相当的猴子结扎后作为对照组。参与试验的动物在手术期间均使用氯胺酮(Ketamine)进行镇静,术中利用注射器通过一个小切口注入大约100微升的vasalgel;术后给予止痛药以帮助缓解疼痛,并在术后7天进行了全天监测。


与“结扎”手术切除输精管不同,将vasalgel注射入输精管中可以阻隔精子,从而起到避孕效果

避孕效果好

首先,医生将vasalgel注入猴子的输精管(一条将精子从睾丸输送到尿道的厚壁管道);vasalgel在输精管腔内形成一段长约2厘米的障碍物阻止精子运动。

然后,研究人员将猴子送回它们正常的群体住房,在那里它们至少与母猴同居生活了约6个月的繁殖期,其中7只公猴几乎连续与母猴一起生活了2年之久。

最后,科学家通过基因检测对所有后代的血液样本进行了亲子鉴定测试。

结果发现,vasalgel注射治疗组的公猴没有使母猴怀孕;而在相似的居住条件下,性成熟的母猴预计在每个繁殖季节的怀孕率为80%。

在Catherine VandeVoort博士看来,这说明当成熟的雄性猕猴与处于繁殖期的母猴同住时,将vasalgel注射入其输精管内可产生可靠的避孕作用。

较少出现并发症

此外,研究者还发现注射vasalgel的方法安全可靠且通常比输精管结扎术较少产生并发症。

在此次试验中,仅其中一只猴子在注射后发生精子肉芽肿(由于在输精管内精块堆积所致,人类输精管切除术后大约有60%的发生率)。

一般来说,精子肉芽肿不会造成特别严重的副作用。

精子肉芽肿在输精管结扎的公猴身上其发生率通常在15%左右,在年龄相匹配的对照组,16只输精管结扎后的公猴就有5只(即32%)出现某种形式的精子肉芽肿。

相比之下,注射vasalgel的公猴发生精子肉芽肿比例是1:32——不到3%。

未来几年内在人体身上进行测试

VandeVoort博士表示,尽管目前产品经过了兔子试验和灵长类动物(猴子)试验,皆证实了安全有效性;但他们准备尽快在人体身上做实验,以获得更多证据证明该产品安全有效。

此外,与传统的男性结扎手术相比,该产品具有“可逆性”。即男性在输精管切除后,很难再次生育;相比之下,若再次向体内注入可以溶解vasalgel的试剂,或可使男性再次具备生育功能。因此VandeVoort博士和同事接下来将着手该产品的可逆性。


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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1764865, encodeId=96011e6486512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a8f68226b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#猴子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68226, encryptionId=0a8f68226b7, topicName=猴子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=735537811831, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Aug 10 12:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176686, encodeId=97011e66862f, content=好好好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=20971999626, createdName=laymankey, createdTime=Sat Feb 18 00:58:48 CST 2017, time=2017-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176242, encodeId=d89b1e6242e5, content=厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fde02020283, createdName=MyFang, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 10:12:14 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1460921, encodeId=1cf0146092152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de4331310a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#凝胶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31310, encryptionId=de4331310a4, topicName=凝胶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e09e6383467, createdName=lishizhe, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 02:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=175915, encodeId=2b9c1e591534, content=妇女之宝吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zqSSMhCvIZtq4uqLEqQzEDcV8Vwet8S506muYbEDWicWNq968mO5jSibaVVDeMf5067MnZ4XgE6clw/0, createdBy=7feb1930691, createdName=针尖跳舞, createdTime=Mon Feb 13 12:06:05 CST 2017, time=2017-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-18 laymankey

    好好好!

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1764865, encodeId=96011e6486512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a8f68226b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#猴子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68226, encryptionId=0a8f68226b7, topicName=猴子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=735537811831, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Aug 10 12:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176686, encodeId=97011e66862f, content=好好好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=20971999626, createdName=laymankey, createdTime=Sat Feb 18 00:58:48 CST 2017, time=2017-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176242, encodeId=d89b1e6242e5, content=厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fde02020283, createdName=MyFang, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 10:12:14 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1460921, encodeId=1cf0146092152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de4331310a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#凝胶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31310, encryptionId=de4331310a4, topicName=凝胶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e09e6383467, createdName=lishizhe, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 02:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=175915, encodeId=2b9c1e591534, content=妇女之宝吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zqSSMhCvIZtq4uqLEqQzEDcV8Vwet8S506muYbEDWicWNq968mO5jSibaVVDeMf5067MnZ4XgE6clw/0, createdBy=7feb1930691, createdName=针尖跳舞, createdTime=Mon Feb 13 12:06:05 CST 2017, time=2017-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-15 MyFang

    厉害了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1764865, encodeId=96011e6486512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a8f68226b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#猴子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68226, encryptionId=0a8f68226b7, topicName=猴子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=735537811831, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Aug 10 12:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176686, encodeId=97011e66862f, content=好好好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=20971999626, createdName=laymankey, createdTime=Sat Feb 18 00:58:48 CST 2017, time=2017-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176242, encodeId=d89b1e6242e5, content=厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fde02020283, createdName=MyFang, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 10:12:14 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1460921, encodeId=1cf0146092152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de4331310a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#凝胶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31310, encryptionId=de4331310a4, topicName=凝胶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e09e6383467, createdName=lishizhe, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 02:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=175915, encodeId=2b9c1e591534, content=妇女之宝吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zqSSMhCvIZtq4uqLEqQzEDcV8Vwet8S506muYbEDWicWNq968mO5jSibaVVDeMf5067MnZ4XgE6clw/0, createdBy=7feb1930691, createdName=针尖跳舞, createdTime=Mon Feb 13 12:06:05 CST 2017, time=2017-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-15 lishizhe
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1764865, encodeId=96011e6486512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a8f68226b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#猴子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68226, encryptionId=0a8f68226b7, topicName=猴子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=735537811831, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Thu Aug 10 12:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176686, encodeId=97011e66862f, content=好好好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=20971999626, createdName=laymankey, createdTime=Sat Feb 18 00:58:48 CST 2017, time=2017-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=176242, encodeId=d89b1e6242e5, content=厉害了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fde02020283, createdName=MyFang, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 10:12:14 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1460921, encodeId=1cf0146092152, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de4331310a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#凝胶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31310, encryptionId=de4331310a4, topicName=凝胶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e09e6383467, createdName=lishizhe, createdTime=Wed Feb 15 02:23:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=175915, encodeId=2b9c1e591534, content=妇女之宝吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zqSSMhCvIZtq4uqLEqQzEDcV8Vwet8S506muYbEDWicWNq968mO5jSibaVVDeMf5067MnZ4XgE6clw/0, createdBy=7feb1930691, createdName=针尖跳舞, createdTime=Mon Feb 13 12:06:05 CST 2017, time=2017-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-13 针尖跳舞

    妇女之宝吗?

    0

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