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Lancet Neurol:CTA上的斑点征可以预测ICH血肿扩大

2012-07-18 MedSci MedSci原创

背景:脑出血(ICH)早期血肿扩大程度严重影响患者临床预后。止血治疗可以减少血肿扩大,但却未能改善许多患者的临床预后。能否准确分辨血肿扩大的高危患者成为改善预后的关键。本研究为了证明CT血管造影(CTA)能否预测血肿扩大。方法:这项名为PREDICT(使用对比bolus CT预测脑出血血肿的扩大)的研究是一项多中心的前瞻性观察队列研究。研究者招募了年龄在18岁(含)以上的ICH病人,脑出血量小于1

背景:脑出血(ICH)早期血肿扩大程度严重影响患者临床预后。止血治疗可以减少血肿扩大,但却未能改善许多患者的临床预后。能否准确分辨血肿扩大的高危患者成为改善预后的关键。本研究为了证明CT血管造影(CTA)能否预测血肿扩大。
方法:这项名为PREDICT(使用对比bolus CT预测脑出血血肿的扩大)的研究是一项多中心的前瞻性观察队列研究。研究者招募了年龄在18岁(含)以上的ICH病人,脑出血量小于100ml,并在出现症状后不到6小时内就诊。研究者使用了两个独立的核心实验室,一位神经科医师确定CTA上是否有斑点征(spot-sign),另一位神经科医师(不知情患者预后)测量CT影像上血肿大小。主要研究指标:血肿扩大(定义为从初次CT到再次CT检查间,血肿扩大超过6ml或超过33%。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估死亡率。
结果:最终此项研究纳入了268名病人。从症状出现到初次CT扫描的平均间隔135分钟(范围22-470),从发病到CTA检查的间隔时间是159分钟(32-475)。81例患者(30%)斑点征阳性。研究者主要分析了手术前或死亡前曾再次行CT检查的228例患者。斑点征阳性患者的基线脑出血量中位数为19ml(1.5-80.9),阴性患者为10ml(0.1-102.7)(P<0.001)。斑点征阳性患者血肿扩大的中位数是8.6ml(-9.3-121.7),阴性患者为0.4ml(-11.7-98.3)(P <0.001)。在那些血肿扩大患者中,斑点征的阳性预测值为73%,阴性预测值为84%,敏感性为63%,特异性为90%。90天时的改良Rankin量表评分(MRS)在斑点征阳性患者为5,阴性患者中为3(P <0.001)。斑点征阳性3个月时的死亡率为43.4%(23/53),阴性为19.6% (31/158)(HR:2.4,95%CI为1.4-4.0,P=0.002)。
结果解读:CTA上的斑点征可以预测血肿的扩大,推荐在今后的临床试验中将斑点征用于脑出血患者接受止血治疗前的筛选指标。

专家评论:
来自美国华盛顿大学的Deepak Sharma评论到:  (10分)
脑出血患者早期血肿扩大对临床预后很不利,因此对于那些想监测该指标争取尽早采取治疗预防脑血肿扩大的临床机构来说,这个指征将很有帮助。该研究发现相对于斑点征阴性的脑出血患者而言,81 (31%) 位斑点征阳性的脑出血患者血肿扩大得更严重,3个月改良Rankin量表得分(MRS)更低,3个月死亡率也更高. 该结果说明CTA上的斑点征可以预测血肿的扩大,患者的神经学预后和死亡率。接下来的临床研究中可以使用CTA上的斑点征来定位接受早期止血干预的病人是否从该治疗中受益。


来自美国贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心的Magdy Selim 和Richard Goddeau评论到:(6分)

脑出血患者血肿扩大被一致认为是预后不良的指标,找出能减小血肿扩大的方法也是近期脑出血临床试验的主要目标。但是仅少于1/3的脑出血患者会出现严重的血肿扩大。因此能准确分辨出这些高危脑出血患者对于针对不同患者制定相应的治疗计划来说具有极其重大的意义。这是第一个确认CTA上的斑点征可以预测血肿的扩大的前瞻性随机临床研究,同时也为之前的回顾性研究提供了证据。这个研究很重要,在接下来的临床试验中应该将斑点征作为脑出血患者接受止血治疗前的筛选指标,从而来证明它在减小脑出血患者血肿扩张上是否有效。


原文链接:
Demchuk AM, Dowlatshahi D, Rodriguez-Luna D, Molina CA, Blas YS, Dzialowski I, Kobayashi A, Boulanger JM, Lum C, Gubitz G, Padma V, Roy J, Kase CS, Kosior J, Bhatia R, Tymchuk S, Subramaniam S, Gladstone DJ, Hill MD, Aviv RI; PREDICT/Sunnybrook ICH CTA study group. Prediction of haematoma growth and outcome in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage using the CT-angiography spot sign (PREDICT): a prospective observational study. The Lancet Neurology, Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 307 - 314, April 2012.

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    2012-08-05 windight
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    2013-04-12 yinhl1978
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    2012-11-02 howi
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849490, encodeId=89681849490f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=61815385aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5385, encryptionId=61815385aa, topicName=CTA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ec9955, createdName=windight, createdTime=Sun Aug 05 22:41:00 CST 2012, time=2012-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709742, encodeId=305d1e09742d2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a329899025a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血肿扩大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89902, encryptionId=a329899025a, topicName=血肿扩大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b7f31781183, createdName=ms1774076774505970, createdTime=Fri Apr 19 16:41:00 CST 2013, time=2013-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1999208, encodeId=2d6c19992085e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Fri Apr 12 02:41:00 CST 2013, time=2013-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1827433, encodeId=8e20182e43318, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Fri Nov 02 14:41:00 CST 2012, time=2012-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316332, encodeId=e90b131633251, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f3789349c3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ICH#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9349, encryptionId=f3789349c3, topicName=ICH)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Fri Jul 20 08:41:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1394892, encodeId=c830139489262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be548989e09' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血肿#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89897, encryptionId=be548989e09, topicName=血肿)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=85df2500173, createdName=654699882_84926986, createdTime=Fri Jul 20 08:41:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-07-20 diushouji
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