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Brain, Behavior, and Immunity:心情好时接种流感疫苗,保护效果应会更好

2017-10-17 佚名 Technews 科技新报

据估计,接种疫苗后仅对 20% 至 50% 的老年人产生保护力,但在年轻人身上则有高达 90% 接种疫苗者能产生保护力。因此诺丁汉大学的研究人员想进一步了解,究竟是什么因素影响疫苗对老年人的保护力。

今天心情不好吗?也许你该改天再接种流感疫苗。中国台湾地区流感疫情通常从 11 月底开始升温,于年底、隔年初达到高峰(注 1)。由于接种疫苗需经过一段时间才会产生保护力,因此建议高危险族群应于 10 月流感季初期即接种疫苗(注 2)。有趣的是英格兰中部诺丁汉大学(University of Nottingham)研究人员最近发现:接种疫苗期间的情绪是影响疫苗保护力一项主要的决定因素,重要性更胜饮食、运动及生活作息。

据估计,接种疫苗后仅对 20% 至 50% 的老年人产生保护力,但在年轻人身上则有高达 90% 接种疫苗者能产生保护力。因此诺丁汉大学的研究人员想进一步了解,究竟是什么因素影响疫苗对老年人的保护力。

这次研究共追踪了 138 名年龄介于 65 至 85 岁的老年人,调查他们于接种流感疫苗前 6 个星期的情绪、饮食、睡眠情形及运动状况,且于受试者接种疫苗后第 4 周及第 16 周量测血液中流感病毒抗体的含量。结果显示,接种疫苗前心情较好的老年人,产生流感病毒抗体的含量较高,至于其他因素则没有影响。接种疫苗当天若有好心情,影响力更明显,能提升 8% 至 14% 抗体含量。该研究已刊登于今年 5 月的《大脑、行为与免疫》(The Journal of Brain, Behavior, and Immunity)期刊。

如同其他的调查型研究,本次研究成果呈现的是:接种者的情绪与疫苗保护力之间的相关性,并不能证明其因果关系。究竟是免疫力较强者比较容易快乐,抑或是好心情能提升免疫力并非本次研究的范畴。但已有其他的研究显示:情绪、心理压力,对免疫系统功能的发挥非常重要。因此选择一个好心情、充满正能量的日子接种流感疫苗,对提升疫苗的保护力应该颇有帮助。

注 1:中国台湾地区流行的季节性流感病毒主要有 A 型流感病毒的 H3N2 亚型与 H1N1 亚型,以及 B 型流感病毒。季节性流感爆发快速、散播范围广而且并发症严重,重症及死亡多发生于老年人以及患有心、肺、肾脏及代谢性疾病或免疫功能不全者。

注 2:流感病毒极易产生突变,几乎每年流行的病毒株都不同,即使病毒未发生变异,疫苗接种 4~6 个月后保护效果也可能下降,因此建议每年均须接种疫苗,此为全球一致认同的方法。

原始出处:

Kieran Ayling, Lucy Fairclough, Paddy Tighe, et al. Positive mood on the day of influenza vaccination predicts vaccine effectiveness: A prospective observational cohort study. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, In press, corrected proof, Available online 17 September 2017

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    2017-10-19 qjddjq

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