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Eur Radiol: 心房颤动患者左心耳血栓的诊断——延迟对比增强心脏CT

2021-03-15 shaosai MedSci原创

心脏计算机断层扫描(CCT)是一种成熟的评估左心房和肺静脉解剖的影像学技术。CCT影像可结合电生理图引导房颤(AF)导管射频消融。

    心脏计算机断层扫描(CCT)是一种成熟的评估左心房和肺静脉解剖的影像学技术。CCT影像可结合电生理图引导房颤(AF)导管射频消融。此外,CCT作为一种新兴的检测左心耳(LAA)血栓的无创成像方式,已被作为射频导管消融前的常规检查,以降低随后血栓栓塞事件的发生风险。

    虽然CCT是一种敏感性极高的排除心内血栓的影像学方法,但早期成像不能直观地区分循环淤积与LAA或其他心脏部位的血栓,因此特异性和阳性预测价值较低。已有研究表明,当延迟采集时间获取图像时,可以提高CCT诊断LAA血栓的准确性。然而,不同报告的诊断准确性差异很大,很难得出一个明确的结论,这限制了CCT在这种情况下的常规使用。此外,报道的延迟采集时间有很大差异,从30秒到3分钟不等,导致研究结果的特异性和阳性预测值(PPVs)之间存在明显差异。在这种情况下,经食管超声心动图(TEE)被国际指南推荐为诊断LAA血栓的唯一影像学方法,特别是对于持续性房颤患者,但其作为一种半侵入性检查很难在临床上广泛应用。


   近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究以TEE为参考标准,开发了一种用于诊断房颤(AF)患者LAA血栓的心脏计算机断层扫描(CCT)的最佳方案。

    前瞻性纳入260名因房颤接受射频消融治疗的连续患者。所有患者均在2小时内接受CCT和TEE检查。CCT方案包括一个标准的血管造影扫描和三个延迟扫描,延迟扫描分别在注射造影剂后1分钟、3分钟和6分钟。血栓被定义为延迟6分钟扫描时持续存在的充盈缺损。

    TEE显示自发性强化52例(20%)、血栓10例(4%)。在63例(24%)患者中,CCT显示在血管造影扫描LAA的早期充盈缺损。其中,15人(6%)在1分钟时出现持续的充盈缺损,12人(5%)在3分钟时出现,10人(4%)在6分钟时出现。所有在TEE上诊断的10个血栓都通过延迟CCT正确识别,没有任何假阳性。对所有阶段,敏感性和阴性预测为100%。特异性从血管造影时的79%增加到6分钟时的100%。阳性预测值由16%提高到100%。血管造影扫描的估计辐射暴露为2.08±0.76 mSv(均值±标准差),每个延迟扫描的估计辐射暴露为0.45±0.23 mSv。

表1 延迟对比CCT和经食管超声心动图检测左心耳血栓的一致性。

表2 对比剂注射后在不同时间获得的扫描诊断准确性参数。

图1 不同CCT期相的诊断性能,表示为敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)。

图2 一名53岁男子的轴位心脏图像。(a)早期阶段的CCT图像显示了LAA的充盈缺损(黑色箭头),并且在多次进行的后期扫描(b–d)中均存在少量持续性的充盈缺损,提示LAA内有血栓。(e)在CCT确认LAA血栓形成1小时后获得的TEE图像(白色箭头)。

    本研究表明,在CCT扫描方案血管造影扫描后增加6分钟的延迟扫描是诊断LAA血栓的最佳方法,且辐射剂量较低。鉴于LAA血栓的患病率非常低,绝大多数患者的检测结果为阴性,因此CCT延迟扫描方案可作为常规TEE检查的替代性无创检查。


原始出处:

Pietro Spagnolo,Manuela Giglio,Daniela Di Marco,et al. Diagnosis of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation: delayed contrast-enhanced cardiac CT.DOI:10.1007/s00330-020-07172-2

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    2021-07-11 104843

    好方法

    0

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    2021-03-17 sodoo
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    2021-03-16 澄潭映月

    每个人都接受CCT和TEE?患者接受度低

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1998473, encodeId=f94719984e323, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b71851393ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心脏CT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51393, encryptionId=b71851393ad, topicName=心脏CT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Sun Jan 02 09:26:21 CST 2022, time=2022-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998327, encodeId=f4c299832e7f, content=好方法, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210711/40c39b0fd0774a8582ab36eb84b35f5d/fc3bd15004a7420f82aad78c070ac303.jpg, createdBy=cd661537625, createdName=104843, createdTime=Sun Jul 11 00:11:38 CST 2021, time=2021-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1455631, encodeId=35d2145563143, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d15a4808371' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#左心耳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48083, encryptionId=d15a4808371, topicName=左心耳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=386b5684768, createdName=jxrzshh, createdTime=Wed Mar 17 12:26:21 CST 2021, time=2021-03-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1626949, encodeId=639916269495a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986a5101e46' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心房#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51017, encryptionId=986a5101e46, topicName=心房)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20ba21064884, createdName=sodoo, createdTime=Wed Mar 17 12:26:21 CST 2021, time=2021-03-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=948553, encodeId=c7f494855309, content=每个人都接受CCT和TEE?患者接受度低, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=51784848823, createdName=澄潭映月, createdTime=Tue Mar 16 07:39:32 CST 2021, time=2021-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1031362, encodeId=443810313629b, content=房颤,临床上碰到很多哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=心介, createdTime=Tue Mar 16 00:26:21 CST 2021, time=2021-03-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-16 心介

    房颤,临床上碰到很多哦

    0

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