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Neurology:优化急性缺血性卒中的血管内血栓摘除术的早期血压管理可改善患者预后

2021-11-15 Naomii MedSci原创

血管内血栓摘除术后24小时内平均收缩压水平升高与症状性颅内出血、早期神经恶化、3个月死亡率和3个月功能预后较差的几率增加独立相关。

       尽管血管血栓摘除术(EVT)是迄今为止唯一可以改善由颅内大血管闭塞(LVO)引起的急性缺血性卒中(AIS)的发病率和死亡率的程序性治疗方法,但大约一半的患者在血管内治疗结束后成功再通后死亡或永久残疾。

      EVT后的血压(BP)管理可能是一个潜在的可修改的参数,以改善接受急性再灌注治疗的患者的良好预后。目前指导接受EVT的LVO患者的BP管理的数据有限,对于EVT手术前、中、后的最佳血压目标没有明确的共识。尽管目前的指南建议在EVT期间和治疗后24小时内收缩压的≤阈值为180 mmHg,舒张压的阈值为105 mmHg,但它们也强调了缺乏随机试验来证实这一点。因此,这些血压参数是从静脉溶栓试验中采用的,在静脉溶栓试验中,成功再通的可能性较小,而且实时确认动脉再通是不适用的。此外,EVT后BP目标的实践在现实世界中变化很大。

      在最近的一项观察性队列研究的成对荟萃分析中,患者的预后与EVT后血压水平的相关性比术前或围手术期的血压测量更密切。同样,在相应的时间间隔内,收缩压测量比舒张压水平的相关性更强。近日,有研究人员对已发表的观察性研究进行了个体患者数据荟萃分析(IPD-MA),以探讨急性缺血性卒中(AIS)合并大血管闭塞(LVO)患者血管内血栓摘除术(EVT)后血压水平与临床预后的关系。

      该一项研究纳入了年龄超过18岁的AIS患者,LVO患者接受了成功或失败的EVT治疗,并在EVT程序结束后提供了单个或平均24小时收缩血压值,则该研究符合条件。所有研究中的个体患者数据均采用广义线性混合效应模型进行分析。

  • 共纳入7项已发表研究的5874名患者(平均年龄:69±14岁,50%为女性,入院时NIHSS中位数为16)。
  • 在EVT结束后24小时内,平均每10 mmHg收缩压水平升高与更低的功能改善几率(未调整的普通OR=0.82,95%CI:0.80~0.85;调整后的普通OR=0.88,95%CI:0.84~0.93)、改良的排序量表评分≤2(未调整OR=0.82,95%CI:0.79~0.85;调整后OR=0.87,95%CI:0.82~0.93)以及较高的3个月全因死亡相对危险度相关 (未调整OR=1.18,95%CI:1.13~1.24;调整OR=1.15,95%CI:1.061.23)。
  • 较高的24小时平均收缩压水平也与早期神经恶化的可能性增加(未调整的OR=1.14,95%CI:1.071.21;调整后的OR=1.14,95%CI:1.03-1.24)以及出现颅内症状性出血的可能性增加相关。

      EVT后24小时内平均收缩压水平升高与症状性颅内出血、早期神经恶化、3个月死亡率和3个月功能预后较差的几率增加独立相关。

文献来源:https://n.aan.80599.net/content/early/2021/11/12/WNL.0000000000013049

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最近,一种使用多次回波平面成像的DL加速脑MRI技术被引入临床,可以快速生成T1加权、T2加权、T2*加权、T2流体衰减反演恢复和1.5和3.0 T的弥散加权图像。

JAHA:吸烟习惯的改变与急性缺血性脑卒中后骨折的关系

持续吸烟者在缺血性卒中后椎体和髋部骨折的风险显著增加。缺血性卒中后,新吸烟者髋部骨折的风险更高。由于脑卒中后骨折不利于脑卒中患者的康复过程,医生应积极建议患者戒烟。

好文推荐 | 远端缺血预处理对急性缺血性脑卒中炎症反应的作用及机制研究进展

本文就远端缺血预处理对炎症反应的调控在急性缺血性脑卒中的作用及机制研究进展进行综述,旨在为缺血性脑卒中的临床防治策略及机制研究提供参考。

JAMA子刊:浙江大学楼敏/袁长征发现阿加曲班联合抗血小板治疗可有效改善急性缺血性卒中预后

该研究报道了一项阿加曲班治疗急性缺血性脑卒中伴早期神经功能恶化的随机临床试验。

Hypertension:急性缺血性脑卒中血管内取栓后的血压变化轨迹和结局

卒中患者在EVT后的最初24小时内遵循明显的SBP变化轨迹。手术后持续升高的SBP与不良的短期和长期结局相关。

2023年度巨献:中国神经领域十大医学研究出炉

2023年梅斯年终巨献:中国重磅级医学研究成果解读!

急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓护理指南

中华护理学会内科专业委员会 · 2023-01-10

2021 ESO指南:急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓治疗

欧洲卒中组织(ESO,European Stroke Organisation) · 2021-03-06

2020 SNACC共识声明:COVID-19流行期间急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗的麻醉管理

神经麻醉与重症监护学会(SNACC,Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care) · 2020-04-08

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