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Nature Commun:表观遗传与乳腺癌症干细胞新研究

2015-04-29 佚名 生物谷

近日,来自美国的科学家在国际学术期刊nature communication在线发表了一项科研进展,他们发现甲基转移酶DNMT1在乳腺干细胞和癌症干细胞维持方面具有重要作用,同时DNMT1靶基因ISL1在乳腺肿瘤和癌症干细胞中显著下调,其过表达会抑制乳腺肿瘤生长。   哺乳动物在怀孕和泌乳期,乳腺干细胞能够维持乳腺上皮组织的自我更新。在自我更新过程中,DNA甲基化为维持细胞记忆提供了

近日,来自美国的科学家在国际学术期刊nature communication在线发表了一项科研进展,他们发现甲基转移酶DNMT1在乳腺干细胞和癌症干细胞维持方面具有重要作用,同时DNMT1靶基因ISL1在乳腺肿瘤和癌症干细胞中显著下调,其过表达会抑制乳腺肿瘤生长。
 
哺乳动物在怀孕和泌乳期,乳腺干细胞能够维持乳腺上皮组织的自我更新。在自我更新过程中,DNA甲基化为维持细胞记忆提供了潜在的表观遗传机制。有研究证明DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)对于胚胎干细胞维持并非必须,但其在乳腺干细胞以及癌症干细胞中的作用一直不清楚。
 
在该项研究中,研究人员发现DNMT1对于乳腺干细胞的维持是必不可少的。同时,DNMT1其表达水平在乳腺肿瘤中也发生显著上升,并且在小鼠乳腺中特异性敲除DNMT1能够通过限制癌症干细胞数量抑制乳腺肿瘤的发生。通过基因组甲基化研究,研究人员发现DNMT1的一个靶基因--ISL1会发生高度甲基化,并且其表达水平在乳腺肿瘤和癌症干细胞中显著下调。而在乳腺癌细胞中抑制DNMT或过表达ISL1会限制癌症干细胞群体生长。
 
总的来说,这项研究揭示了甲基转移酶DNMT1在乳腺干细胞和癌症干细胞维持中具有重要作用,并且发现DNMT1-ISL1途径可作为乳腺癌治疗的潜在治疗靶点,可能具有重要应用价值。

原始出处:

Rajneesh Pathania, Sabarish Ramachandran et al.DNMT1 is essential for mammary and cancer stem cell maintenance and tumorigenesis. Nature Communications, April 24, 2015; doi:10.1038/ncomms7910

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    2015-06-09 docwu2019
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    2016-04-06 liuli5079
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