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Neurology:美国神经协会脑囊虫病治疗指南摘要

2013-04-12 Neurology dxy

系统性综述显示阿苯达唑治疗降低6.1%的痫性发作风险1、症状性脑实质型神经囊虫病患者,驱虫治疗是否有效,是否影响痫性发作的预后?Meta分析显示,阿苯达唑联合地塞米松或泼尼松治疗成人或儿童神经囊虫病,既可降低活动性病灶数量(B级证据)又可减少长期痫性发作(B级证据),总体来说降低6.1%的痫发作风险(95%可信区间为0.3%到11.9%)。2、症状性脑实质型神经囊虫病患者,激素治疗是否更有效?现有


系统性综述显示阿苯达唑治疗降低6.1%的痫性发作风险

1、症状性脑实质型神经囊虫病患者,驱虫治疗是否有效,是否影响痫性发作的预后?
Meta分析显示,阿苯达唑联合地塞米松或泼尼松治疗成人或儿童神经囊虫病,既可降低活动性病灶数量(B级证据)又可减少长期痫性发作(B级证据),总体来说降低6.1%的痫发作风险(95%可信区间为0.3%到11.9%)。
2、症状性脑实质型神经囊虫病患者,激素治疗是否更有效?
现有的证据不足以支持或拒绝单独利用激素治疗脑实质型神经囊虫病(U级证据)。
3、抗寄生虫治疗期间何时启用激素治疗合适?
至今没有这方面的研究。
4、脑实质型神经囊虫病继发症状性癫痫,抗癫痫药物治疗是否可以降低发作及治疗使用疗程?
至今没有该方面的研究,基于广谱抗癫痫药物的有效性及安全性及神经囊虫病致癫痫性发作的频率,使用抗癫痫药物治疗神经囊虫病痫性发作患者是合理的,至少应该使用到活动性病灶消失。
下一步重点推荐研究:
1、脑囊虫病临床分为四期:活虫期、胶样期、结节-肉芽肿期及钙化期,基于囊虫各期的治疗的研究更有益处;
2、治疗成功的试验都采用驱虫治疗使用或者不使用激素,下一步研究需要确定是否使用及是否联合激素治疗,是否联合驱虫药物治疗。
3、神经囊虫病还可以有脑室内及蛛网膜下腔型。现在的研究没有涉及这两类的治疗,下一步对这两类患者的治疗策略,药物或手术的研究是有益的。
4、合并HIV患者的患者或许需要改变驱虫药物的选择,下一步需要研究这类特殊人群的治疗策略。
5、下一步研究需要将重点放在临床预后而不是应用CT替代方式来评价,因为这两类评价方式并不完全一致。有些患者虽然CT显示明显好转,但仍会出现临床痫性发作。

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    2013-12-16 yinhl1978
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