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IBD: 炎症性肠病患者的结直肠狭窄不能独立预测结直肠肿瘤

2022-06-12 xuyihan MedSci原创

炎症性肠病患者肠道不能正常吸收进食的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素及多种微量元素,加上肠道炎症或服用的药物可能造成食欲不佳,因此炎性肠病常伴随着不同程度的营养不良。

炎症性肠病 (IBD)包括克罗恩病 (CD) 和溃疡性结肠炎 (UC),是一种胃肠道的慢性炎症性疾病。由于慢性结肠炎症的反复出现,IBD患者发生结直肠肿瘤 (CRN) 的风险明显增加,包括不典型增生(低度不典型增生 [LGD]、高度不典型增生 [HGD])和结直肠癌 (CRC) 。长期以来,结肠疾病的持续时间、范围和严重程度一直被认为是与 IBD 结肠炎患者发生 CRC 风险相关的重要因素。先前的研究表明,CRN 风险与累积炎症负荷的结构标志物相关,例如炎症后息肉(“假性息肉”)、狭窄、管状结肠和缩短的结肠。然而,尚不清楚这些解剖学改变本身是否是 CRN 的独立预测因子,或者它们是否反映了严重炎症的病史,而炎症是危险因素。狭窄通常被视为克罗恩病透壁炎症的一部分,但偶尔可见于溃疡性结肠炎。但关于与狭窄相关的 CRN 风险和肿瘤性狭窄发生频率的数据相互矛盾。本研究旨在探究IBD结肠炎患者的结直肠狭窄与CRN风险之间的关联。

 

研究人员对2005年至2017年间的一家学术医疗中心中的CRN结肠镜监测的 IBD 结肠炎患者进行了回顾性队列分析。纳入标准是IBD累及结肠≥ 8年(或存在原发性硬化性胆管炎 [PSC] )。排除标准是入组前或入组时存在晚期CRN(ACRN;结直肠癌 [CRC] 或高度不典型增生 [HGD])、既往结肠切除术或有限(<30%)疾病范围或直肠炎。多变量逻辑和 Cox 回归分析估计了结肠镜检查结果显示的结直肠狭窄与 ACRN、CRN(无限期不典型增生、低度不典型增生、HGD、CRC)或结肠切除术之间的关联。

 

研究结果显示在接受CRC监测的789名IBD患者中,72 名(9%;70 名患有克罗恩结肠炎)在结肠镜检查中发现存在结直肠狭窄。结直肠狭窄患者与无结直肠狭窄患者的 ACRN 发生率或结肠切除术要求无显着差异(P > .05)。结直肠狭窄与随后的 ACRN(调整优势比 [aOR],1.41;95% CI,0.49-4.07)、CRN(aOR,1.15;95% CI,0.51-2.58)或结肠切除术(aOR,1.10;95% CI,0.65–1.84)无关。

图:炎症性肠病患者癌症发生时间

在这项对接受 CRN 监测的 IBD 结肠炎患者的分析中,结直肠狭窄的存在与 ACRN 或结肠切除术的风险无关,特别是在溃疡性结肠炎相关结直肠狭窄患者中这样现象更明显。

原始出处:

Jordan E Axelrad. Et al. Colorectal Strictures in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Do Not Independently Predict Colorectal Neoplasia. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2022.

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    2022-06-13 bnurmamat
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