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Brain:科学家确认新型痴呆症 或比阿尔茨海默病更严重

2019-05-05 不详 参考消息网

美媒称,根据一份最新报告,研究人员正式确认了一种很像阿尔茨海默病的新脑部疾病,给它起了名字并给出诊断标准。

美媒称,根据一份最新报告,研究人员正式确认了一种很像阿尔茨海默病的新脑部疾病,给它起了名字并给出诊断标准。

据美国趣味科学网站4月30日报道,这种疾病将被命名为LATE。LATE直到最近才被确认为是一种痴呆症,而这也是研究人员首次就这种疾病的命名以及如何区分它与其他脑部疾病达成共识

4月30日发表在英国《脑》季刊上的这份最新报告是美国国家老龄问题研究所资助的一个关于该疾病的专题研讨会的产物,参会者包括来自6个国家20多家机构的研究人员。

美媒称,由于LATE和阿尔茨海默病的症状相似,此前可能有LATE病例被误认为是阿尔茨海默病病例。研究报告的作者们说,认识到这是两种不同疾病对有关这两种疾病的研究都将起到推动作用。

美国国家老龄问题研究所阿尔茨海默病中心项目主任、LATE研讨会联合主席尼娜·西尔弗伯格说,“最终目标……是要么能够预防要么至少能够治疗”两种脑部疾病的“病因和症状”,不管是阿尔茨海默病还是LATE。

报告指出,现在“迫切需要”对LATE进行研究,因为对于这种疾病,人类还有太多东西需要了解,包括如何提高诊断水平和找出风险因素以及预防和治疗这种疾病。

阿尔茨海默病的标志是β-淀粉样蛋白斑块的积聚以及大脑中另一种名为tau的蛋白形成的缠结。

但研究人员最近发现,并非每个被怀疑患阿尔茨海默病的人大脑中都有上面这些能够说明问题的标志,意味着他们实际上得的是另一种疾病。

报告称,在LATE病例中,人们的大脑中积聚了另一种错误折叠的蛋白,名为TDP-43。LATE往往影响的是人口中“年龄最大的老人”——超过20%的85岁以上老人会表现出这种疾病的迹象。但西尔弗伯格说,还需要进行更多研究,以更好地了解到底有多少人患有这种疾病。

不过,报告中也提到,LATE对公众健康的影响很可能至少与阿尔茨海默病一样严重。

LATE会影响包括记忆在内的多个认知领域,并最终影响到日常活动。LATE的恶化速度似乎要比阿尔茨海默病缓慢,不过这两种疾病可能并发,导致比只患有其中一种疾病更快的恶化速度。

报告认为,根据在大脑中发现TDP-43的位置,LATE分为3个“阶段”——发现TDP-43的3个区域分别是杏仁核、海马体和额中回。

目前,LATE只有在死后的尸检中才能确诊。但研究报告的作者们说,他们希望这份新报告能够推动对于这种疾病的生物标记的研究,这样医生就能够在患者去世前诊断出这种疾病,并在临床试验中对它进行研究。作者们还说,找到这种疾病的生物标记对于阿尔茨海默病的研究也很重要,因为这样研究人员就能够在患者在世时区分出其所患的是哪一种疾病。

原始出处:

Peter T Nelson, Dennis W Dickson, John Q Trojanowski, et.al. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report. Brain, awz099, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz099 Published: 30 April 2019

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    2020-03-07 Boyinsh
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    2019-05-05 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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    2019-05-05 坚强007

    LATE分为3个“阶段”——发现TDP-43的3个区域分别是杏仁核、海马体和额中回

    0

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