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J Audiol Otol:感觉神经性听力损失患者使用单耳助听器后时域处理和听力的变化

2021-08-06 AlexYang MedSci原创

听力损失是老年人中普遍存在的问题。世界卫生组织估计,65岁以上的人中约有三分之一的人受致残性听力损失的影响。在发达经济体中,>65岁人群的听力损失患病率为0.6%,与韩国的数据(0.46%-0.

听力损失是老年人中普遍存在的问题。世界卫生组织估计,65岁以上的人中约有三分之一的人受致残性听力损失的影响。在发达经济体中,>65岁人群的听力损失患病率为0.6%,与韩国的数据(0.46%-0.5%)相当。在全球范围内,≥15岁的男性听力损伤≥35 dB HL的患病率为12.2%(9.7%-16.2%),而≥15岁的女性听力损伤≥35 dB HL的患病率为9.8%(7.7%-13.2%)。根据巴尔的摩的研究,有听力损失的患者患认知障碍的风险比没有听力损失的人(听力水平高于25dB)更高(3.4倍)。此外,使用助听器(HA)的患者比不使用助听器的听力损失患者患认知障碍的风险更低。然而,在中度感音神经性听力损失患者中,只有40%的患者使用HAs。

助听器(HA)的使用与认知功能改善之间的关系尚不完全清楚。近期,有研究人员确定了HAs是否能够恢复噪声功能中的时间分辨力或听力

研究人员设计了一项前瞻性研究,分为两组:HA使用者和对照组。参与患者的年龄大于45岁,纯音平均阈值高于40 dB,且双耳语音识别评分大于60%的患者为合格入选者。在研究开始和使用单耳HA后的1、3、6和12个月,对HA组的中央听觉处理测试和听觉噪音测试(HINTs)进行了评估,并与对照组进行了比较,并采用线性混合模型对评价参数的变化进行了统计分析。

在起始、3、6、9和12个月时,由线性混合模型计算的噪音中听力测试分数的估计值和标准误差。安静的情况下(A),有来自前面的噪音(B),有来自右边的噪音(C),有来自左边的噪音(D)和综合分数(E)。HA:助听器,S/N:信噪比

研究共纳入了26名受试者(HA组13名,对照组13名)。HA组1年后频率(p<0.01)和持续时间测试评分均有显著改善(p=0.02),HINT评分无显著变化。

综上所述,使用HA一年后,患者在时间分辨力测试中表现更好。在噪音中的听力则并没有改善

原始出处:

Yehree Kim , Chan Joo Yang , Myung Hoon Yoo et al. Changes of Temporal Processing and Hearing in Noise after Use of a Monoaural Hearing Aid in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Preliminary Study. J Audiol Otol. Jul 2021

 

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    2021-08-08 ysjykql
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    2021-08-07 1881ef655dm

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