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Nat Med:年轻血液可提高老年大脑功能

2014-05-20 佚名 生物谷

这是一个听起来有些古怪的实验:把年轻小鼠的血液注入到年老小鼠的体内之后,后者的大脑神经细胞会出现增长,并且在迷宫实验中的导航能力也会增强。“就像这些年老的大脑通过年轻血液进行了‘充电’一样,”研究作者之一、斯坦福大学神经病学和神经科学教授托尼·维斯-科雷(Tony Wyss-Coray)说道。他们的研究发表在近期的《自然-医学》(Nature Medicine)上。 研究者们认为,如果相同的结果

这是一个听起来有些古怪的实验:把年轻小鼠的血液注入到年老小鼠的体内之后,后者的大脑神经细胞会出现增长,并且在迷宫实验中的导航能力也会增强。“就像这些年老的大脑通过年轻血液进行了‘充电’一样,”研究作者之一、斯坦福大学神经病学和神经科学教授托尼·维斯-科雷(Tony Wyss-Coray)说道。他们的研究发表在近期的《自然-医学》(Nature Medicine)上。

研究者们认为,如果相同的结果出现在人体上,那这些发现将为寻找治疗阿尔茨海默病的新方法带来希望。维斯-科雷及其同事对大脑的海马区给予了特别的关注。这一区域是大脑形成一些特定类型记忆——特别是一些有关空间模式的记忆——的关键所在。举例来说,当你试图寻找自己的车在停车场中的位置,或者在没有GPS系统的情况下在城市中穿行时,你就要用到海马区了。

研究显示,海马区对经验的感受是很强的,而且当你获得的信息越多,这一区域也会变得更大。不过,海马区对衰老十分敏感。在出现痴呆症状的病人的大脑中,海马区是退化最为严重的区域之一。通过将年轻个体的血浆注入年老的小鼠体内,可以使年老小鼠大脑中的退化区域重获生机。海马区神经细胞之间的联系获得增强,这对学习和记忆是必不可少的。

年老小鼠的行为也出现了改善的迹象。在一个测试中,小鼠需要在一个充满水的容器里快速找到浸没的平台,注射过血浆的年老小鼠在行动速度上明显变快了许多。研究还表明反过来也会产生类似的效果,即向年轻小鼠体内注入年老小鼠的血浆,会使年轻小鼠神经细胞的生长速度变慢,从而妨碍其导航能力的发挥。

“来自年轻小鼠血液中的一些物质能使年老小鼠的大脑重新焕发活力,使其功能变得更像是年轻小鼠,”维斯-科雷在一次新闻发布会中说,“我们正在紧密工作,希望找出这些物质到底是什么,是从什么组织产生的。”

相同的事情有没有可能发生在人类身上呢?斯坦福大学医学院已经在进行这方面的研究工作。研究团队已经创立了一家公司,计划进行小型的临床实验,向阿尔茨海默病患者注射来自年轻捐献者的血浆。

其他一些研究者表示,尽管这一发现令人兴奋,但还是应该保持谨慎。华盛顿大学的生物学家、从事衰老研究工作的马修·凯博莱恩(Matthew Kaeberlein)说:“如果这一机制也在人类中成立,那将对疾病的治疗产生深远的影响。但这其中也有着无数的问题,可能还需要花一定的时间才能解决。”

原始出处

Villeda SA1, Plambeck KE2, Middeldorp J3, Castellano JM3, Mosher KI4, Luo J5, Smith LK6, Bieri G7, Lin K8, Berdnik D5, Wabl R5, Udeochu J9, Wheatley EG10, Zou B11, Simmons DA5, Xie XS11, Longo FM5, Wyss-Coray T12.Young blood reverses age-related impairments in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in mice.Nat Med. 2014 May 4.

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    2014-08-11 liye789132251
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    2014-05-20 lovetcm

    怀疑是可能的细胞因子在起作用吧

    0

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