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浅谈青少年亨廷顿病

2021-10-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

亨廷顿病是一种常染色体显性遗传性脑部疾病,通常在成年后表现出来。所有在21岁之前出现症状的患者,无论他们现在的年龄如何,都被称为青少年型亨廷顿病(JHD)。

亨廷顿病是一种常染色体显性遗传性脑部疾病,通常在成年后表现出来。所有在21岁之前出现症状的患者,无论他们现在的年龄如何,都被称为青少年型亨廷顿病(JHD),在所有HD病例中有4%到10%的病例出现这种症状。根据临床症状,进一步区分为儿童期(<10岁)和青少年期(10-18岁)JHD;JHD的原因是Huntington基因中病理性扩增的CAG重复序列。发病年龄与CAG重复长度呈负相关。 为什么要关注青少年亨廷顿病? 青少年亨廷顿病有不典型临床表现,疾病进展更快、生存期更短。此外,JHD大脑的形态学变化通常比AHD大脑更严重。与成年期发病相比,青少年期发病的患者有明显的症状和体征,涉及的脑结构病理更为严重。这些表型和病理差异提出了异常病理机制的假设。 病程:儿童JHD发病后的中位病程为9年,而青少年和成人HD发病后的中位病程为18年。 临床表现:30%–83%的JHD患者在运动开始前出现认知障碍。同样,在大约三分之一的AHD病例中,早期认知障碍通常与精神运动速度和执行功能(如注意力、计划和思维灵活性)的恶化有关。有研究证实了JHD存在发育延迟,并表明这些延迟尤其见于儿童疾病发作的患者

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    2021-11-05 123e7e07m31(暂无昵称)

    感谢分享

    0

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    2021-10-23 查查佳佳

    睡眠障碍可能是导致这种风险的一个未确

    0

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    2021-10-22 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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