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SCI TRANSL MED:II型免疫竟会加剧非酒精性脂肪肝恶化

2017-06-30 cailingrui MedSci原创

尽管II型免疫维持着脂肪组织中新陈代谢健康,它也在加剧与TGF-β协同的非酒精性脂肪肝发展进程。

非酒精性脂肪肝(Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)是目前发达国家中最常见的一种肝脏疾病,由于它会引起肝脏大规模的纤维化,目前已经是肝脏移植的第二大指标。非酒精性脂肪肝的进展被认为和肥胖患者脂肪组织发生的慢性低水平I型炎症有关。然而,调节肝脏中非酒精性脂肪肝相关纤维化进程的特殊免疫学机理到目前为止尚不明确。

为了更全面的研究非酒精性脂肪肝的免疫发病机理,研究人员就具有I型或II型极化免疫应答小鼠的脂肪功能紊乱、非酒精性脂肪型肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)和纤维化做了研究。令人意外的是,肥胖的白细胞介素-10(IL-10)/IL-4缺陷型小鼠(I型极化)对非酒精性脂肪型肝炎具有高度抗性。这种保护机制与肝脏干扰素-γ (IFN-γ) 的信号增加有关。相反的,IFN-γ缺陷型小鼠肝脏迅速发展为非酒精性脂肪型肝炎,其纤维化依赖于转化生长因子–β (TGF-β) 和IL-13的信号传导。不同于I型炎症的增加和扩张的脂肪组织中嗜酸性粒细胞的显著缺失,非酒精性脂肪肝的发展伴随着小鼠和人类患者II型肝脏炎症组织活检中嗜酸性粒细胞的增加。到最后,TGF-β和IL-13信号通路的同时抑制减弱了纤维化,而非TGF-β独立作用于非酒精性脂肪肝相关的纤维化。

因此,尽管II型免疫维持着脂肪组织中新陈代谢健康,它也在加剧与TGF-β协同的非酒精性脂肪肝发展进程。

原始出处:
Kevin M. Hart, et al. Type 2 immunity is protective in metabolic disease but exacerbates NAFLD collaboratively with TGF-β. Science Translational Medicine. 28 Jun 2017:Vol. 9, Issue 396, eaal3694
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    2017-11-05 bsmagic9140
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