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脂肪移植可以改善乳房重建的结果,同时减轻放疗的负面影响

2022-01-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

预防性乳房切除术前脂肪移植是一种减少早期并发症和避免术后并发症高风险患者植入物丢失的新策略。

由于公众意识的提高和基因筛查的普及,全世界对预防性乳房切除术的需求持续增加。保留乳头乳房切除术和即刻植入物重建通常是首选技术,具有肿瘤安全性和患者满意度高的记录。对于接受预防性乳房切除术的BRCA突变患者,近十分之一的患者曾接受过肿块切除术和放疗。

对于这些妇女,早期并发症、重建失败和美容效果差的风险可能接近50%。大多数接受双侧预防性乳房切除术的患者要求立即进行基于植入物的乳房重建。一些患者,尤其是那些之前接受过放疗的患者,早期皮肤并发症和植入物丢失的风险增加。

脂肪移植可以改善种植体重建的结果,同时减轻辐射的负面影响。曾有研究描述了在延迟植入物重建之前,对于不适合或拒绝自体皮瓣的高并发症风险放疗患者,在乳腺癌切除后脂肪移植的重建成功率为98%。

根据这一原理,研究者在预防性切除术前几个月进行了脂肪移植,并对部分有术后并发症风险的患者进行了即刻植入重建,以减少选择性高危患者的早期并发症,并评估了这种新方法的早期结果。

图1 文章来源

他该研究完成了14名患者中的21例,其中10人曾接受过乳腺癌肿块切除术和放射治疗。预防性乳房切除术前,进行一次单次脂肪移植,平均注射量为250毫升(四分位范围为200至300毫升),平均时间为19周(四分位范围为16至28周)。

所有病例均直接使用有纹理的硅胶假体进行假体重建。中位植入物体积为410毫升(四分位间距为318至450毫升)。

结果显示,14%的病例(21例中的3例)出现轻微的早期并发症,没有早期植入物丢失。在中位随访9个月(四分位数范围为5-27个月)时,研究者发现21例患者中有16例(76%)没有种植体丢失,美学效果良好(得分为5或4)。

随着预防性乳房切除术和植入物重建需求的增加,研究者建议高危患者进行初次脂肪移植。虽然需要进行更大规模的研究,但我该研究初步经验表明,该技术具有短期安全性,这可能有助于显著降低高危患者的植入物丢失率。

预防性乳房切除术前脂肪移植是一种减少早期并发症和避免术后并发症高风险患者植入物丢失的新策略。

 

Lesniak David M,Sarfati Isabelle,Meredith Ineke et al. Fat Grafting before Delayed Prophylactic Mastectomy and Immediate Implant Reconstruction for Patients at High Risk of Complications.[J] .Plast Reconstr Surg, 2022, 149: 52-56.

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    2022-01-23 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    学习了

    0

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    2022-01-23 泽9867

    能把脂肪移植给别人吗?

    0

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    2022-01-23 查查佳佳

    AASIS是由一个团队开发的专业工具,其目标是

    0

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以前的美容乳房手术算法没有提到在初次隆胸之前评估乳房下皱襞的重要性。根据研究者的经验,对原生乳房下皱壁解剖结构的评估对手术计划和技术有很大影响。

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改良的五项虚弱指数是评估外科手术候选者风险的有效工具。与其他微血管重建一样,游离皮瓣乳房重建需要更长的手术时间和住院时间,但都与更大的并发症有关,并且对于老年患者来说是值得关注的。

拓展阅读

JAMA Surg:自体脂肪移植vs植入物,哪种乳房重建更受乳腺癌患者青睐?

JAMA Surg:使用扩张装置进行自体脂肪转移或植入物的全乳房重建对乳腺癌患者生活质量的影响:一项随机临床试验

PRS:自体脂肪移植不同处理方法临床效果的前瞻性随机比较。

随着脂肪移植应用逐渐广泛,移植物处理也愈发受到临床重视。在移植过程中有三个关键步骤——收获、加工和移植,其中每个步骤都有几个可能影响移植效率和效果的变量。

PRS:脱细胞真皮基质有利地调节手术后的愈合反应

事实上,使用无细胞真皮基质可能会降低囊性挛缩率,并有利于分阶段进行胸前乳房重建的扩展。

PRS:乳房切除术前固定术在乳房重建中的作用

随着时间的推移,保留乳头的乳房切除术的适应症已扩大范围。但对于乳房肿大或下垂的患者,行保留乳头乳房切除术仍有发生皮瓣或乳头乳晕复合坏死的风险。因此需要一些干预来减小风险,保证手术效果。

乳房重建90 天时的临床和健康相关生活质量结果

在胸前放置组织扩张器进行两期植入性乳房重建可潜在地减少胸壁发病率和术后疼痛。

乳房再造手术决策中的认知偏差和治疗选择

了解医学专家及其患者如何处理和传递信息对于高效的医疗保健专业愿景至关重要。

乳腺癌患者乳房重建决策指导的最佳证据总结

浙江中医药大学护理学院 · 2024-04-05

乳腺肿瘤整形与乳房重建专家共识(2022年版)

中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会(CACA-CBCS,Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, Committee of Breast Cancer Society) · 2022-09-30

乳腺癌术后乳房重建中国专家共识(2019版)

中华医学会外科学分会 乳腺外科学组 · 2019-11-30

2014 ASPS临床实践指南:应用扩展器和植入物进行乳房重建

美国整形外科医师学会(ASPS,American Society of Plastic Surgeons) · 2014-10-20

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