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JAMA Intern Med:主动脉内球囊反搏不能改善急性心肌梗死患者的死亡率

2015-07-20 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)被广泛应用于治疗具有心源性休克的急性心肌梗死的干预中。之前强烈建议的指导方针,最近已经发生了实质性的变化。该研究的目的是评估IABP对于急性心肌梗死患者的疗效。该荟萃分析的数据来自于2014年12月的PubMed,EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆,以及所选文章的参考文献。搜索关键词是“心肌梗死”( “myocardial infarction” 

主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)被广泛应用于治疗具有心源性休克的急性心肌梗死的干预中。之前强烈建议的指导方针,最近已经发生了实质性的变化。该研究的目的是评估IABP对于急性心肌梗死患者的疗效。该荟萃分析的数据来自于2014年12月的PubMed,EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆,以及所选文章的参考文献。搜索关键词是“心肌梗死”( “myocardial infarction” )或“急性冠脉综合征”( “acute coronary syndrome” )和“主动脉内气囊反搏”( “intra-aortic balloon pump” )或“反搏”( “counterpulsation”)。
    
这些随机临床试验(RCTs)和观察性研究比较了急性心肌梗死患者使用IABP和不使用IABP的效果。两名评审独立提取数据,并使用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估在RCTs中的风险偏差。研究人员独立的进行了随机对照试验的荟萃分析和观察性研究。数据采用随机效应荟萃分析进行定量合成。主要结果是30天的死亡率。
    
共有12个符合条件的随机对照试验,包括2123例患者。在RCTs中,IABP的使用对死亡率没有显著影响(比值比[OR],0.96[95%Cl,0.74-1.24]),在试验之间没有显著的异质性(I2=0%,P=0.52)。当研究中由存在(OR,0.94[95%Cl,0.69-1.28];P =0.69,I2=0%)或不存在(OR,0.98[95%Cl,0.57-1.69];P =0.95,I2=17%)心源性休克时,这样的结果是一致的。共有15个符合条件的观察性研究,共包括15530例患者。他们的研究结果是相互矛盾的(异质性I2=97%;P<0.001),在与死亡率相连的总结性评估中引起广泛的不确定性(OR,0.96[95%Cl,0.54-1.70])。观察性研究中的基线风险标记不平衡的一个简单的指数出现解释了很多观测数据的异质性(R2meta=46.2%;P<0.001)。
    
不管患者有没有过心源性休克,在RCTs中IABP的使用未改善急性心肌梗死患者的死亡率。这些观察性研究在IABP治疗与死亡率之间显示出各种相互矛盾的关联,其中大部分是由研究之间的IABP组和非IABP组之间的风险因素的平衡的差异来解释的。

原始出处:

Yousif Ahmad, MRCP1; Sayan Sen, PhD1; Matthew J. Shun-Shin, MRCP1; Jing Ouyang, BA1; Judith A. Finegold, MRCP1; Rasha K. Al-Lamee, MRCP1; Justin E. R. Davies, PhD1; Graham D. Cole, MRCP1; Darrel P. Francis, MD1,Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction,JAMA Intern Med,2015.6.22

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    2015-07-25 Messichen1992

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    2015-07-22 花花1366
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